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Melville Herskovits
coined the term Africanism. He was an American anthropologist who helped establish African and African-American studies in American academia
Africanisms
characteristics of African culture and people that can be traced through societal practices and institutions of the African diaspora
Pinkster Festival
is an African American festival celebration with roots in African and European traditions.
Chattel Slavery
an enslaved person who is owned for ever and whose children and children's children are automatically enslaved and is considered personal property
Middle Passage
Was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade. Avg Travel time 3 weeks - 3 months through the Atlantic ocean
Tight Packing
captains believed that more enslaved Africans, despite higher casualties, would yield a greater profit at the trading block.
Loose Packing
Provided for fewer Africans per ship in the hopes that a greater percentage of the cargo would arrive alive.
El Mina
The largest dungeon of west africa located in Ghana meaning The mine
The house of slaves
Has the door of no return is a museum and memorial to the atlantic slave trade on Goree Island
Drapetomania
Was a supposed mental illness described by American physician Samuel A. Cartwright in 1851 that caused black slaves to flee captivity.
Dysaethesia Aethiopica
Caused slaves to break tools and act rebellious
Palmares
A fugitive community (Kilombo/Qulombo) of escaped slaves and that developed from 1605 until its suppression in 1694. Population in the 1690s at 34,000 inhabitants
Candomblé
Is an African religious tradition, practiced mainly in brazil by the "povo de santa"originated in Salvador, Bahia at the beginning of the 19th century
Stono Rebellion (1739)
September 9, 1739. 150 black slaves from South Carolina marched down the road "Liberty!" & marched toward Spanish Florida. Led by Jemmy who was a literal slave
maroon
A slave who ran away from his or her master. Often a member of a community of runaway slaves in the West Indies and South America.
Haitian Revolution
Was the largest most successful revolution in the western hemisphere, which lead to the independence of Haiti (1791-1803)
Gabriel Prosser
Organized 1,000 enslaved africans to resist, was a literate enslaved blacksmith who planned a large slave rebellion in the Richmond area in the summer of 1800
Denmark Vesey
was a literate, skilled carpenter and leader among African Americans in Charleston, South Carolina.He was accused and convicted ot being an the ringleader of "the rising" a major potential slave revolt planed for the city in June 1822. Also purchased his freedom with $609 he won in a lottery.
David Walker (1829)
Was an abolitionist, writer and slavery activist. though his father was a slave, his mother was free so therefore he was free.
Singbe Pieh
Also known as Singbe Ping was a west african man of the mende People who led the revolt on african and spanish slaves
Dred Scott Decision (1857)
A Missouri slave sued for his freedom, claiming that his four year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. The U.S, Supreme Court decided he couldn't sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen.
Santeria
is an African-American religion of Caribbean origin that developed in the Spanish Empire (Cuba, Puerto Rico) among West African descendants. The Spanish word that means the "worship of saints".
Seasoning Process
Is a condition process that helps their future life as slaves
Nat Turner
was a black preacher who led a two-day rebellion of slaves to free slaves in Virginia
Rosetta Stone
Rosetta Stone is a granite slab discovered in 1799, in Egypt in 196 BC. It was key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs.
Cheikh Anta Diop
a Senegalese historian, anthropologist, physicist, and politician who is known for his work on African history and pre-colonial cultures.
13th Amendment
AN Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.
14th Amendment
An Amendment to the United States Constitution grants citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S., including former slaves, and guarantees equal protection under the law.
15th Amendment
An Amendment to the United States Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
Kangaba, Niani
Capital o
nubia
an ancient region in northeastern Africa along the Nile River, encompassing parts of present-day Sudan and southern Egypt. It was known for its rich history, culture, and trade networks.
Sundiata
A historical figure and the founder of the Mali Empire in West Africa.
Soninke
An ethnic group primarily located in West Africa, particularly in Mali, Senegal, known for their involvement in the trans-Saharan trade and their language, also called Soninke.
Almoravids
A dynasty that ruled North Africa and parts of Spain in the 11th and 12th centuries. They were known for their military prowess and strict adherence to Islamic law.
Songhay
A group of people in West Africa and the historical Songhai Empire, known for its wealth and power in the 15th and 16th centuries.
Plessy v Ferguson
A landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.
Brown V Board of Education
Landmark Supreme Court case that declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional, overturning Plessy v. Ferguson.
Canadace “Kush”
Meroë (Candace)
Queen of ethopia
Kemet
Land of the blacks
Gloger Law
Warm-blooded mammals born near the equator must have pigment
Egyptology
The study of Egypt and its history
Narmer
1st Pharoah of Dynastic Egypt
Imhotep
World’s first known multi-talented genius; Physician, Healer, Philosopher, Architect, Poet.
Hatshepsut
the fifth pharaoh of the Eighteenth
Dynasty of Egypt. She was the second historically-
confirmed woman pharaoh
Assyrians
invaders that invaded Egypt in 750 BCE
Hyksos
invaded egypt in 1700 BCE
Ghana
Ancient empire in Africa Apart of the Bilad Es Sudan
Soninke
The founders of the ancient empire of Ghana.
Tenka Menin
cira. 1065 / standing army 200,000 / 100,000 on horseback.
Almoravids
Religious fanatics/ reformers - 1076, led by Abu Bekr
3 reasons for the decline of Ghana
Drought, Civil wars, And trade routes opening up elsewhere
Kangaba, Niani
Capital of Mali
Mali
Empire that lasted from 1240-1400
Mandinke
a West African ethnic group primarily found in southern Mali, the Gambia, southern Senegal and eastern Guinea.
Mansa Musa
Sponsored 60,000 on this journey; caused the Gold Market to decline for 12 years in Cairo, Egyp
Timbuktu
Ancient city in Mali home of University of Sankore
Songhay
the largest and last of the three major pre-colonial empires to emerge in West Africa.
Gullah
The Gullah or Geechee people are African American communities living in the coastal
regions of South Carolina, Georgia, and northeast Florida.
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