Chapter 17: Classification

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21 Terms

1

Classification

The grouping of organisms based on common traits.

<p>The grouping of organisms based on common traits.</p>
2

Taxonomy

SCIENCE OF CLASSIFICATION; IN BIOLOGY, THE PROCESS OF CLASSIFYING ORGANISMS IN CATEGORIES

<p>SCIENCE OF CLASSIFICATION; IN BIOLOGY, THE PROCESS OF CLASSIFYING ORGANISMS IN CATEGORIES</p>
3

Taxa

Categories used to group organisms with shared characteristics.

<p>Categories used to group organisms with shared characteristics.</p>
4

Carolus Linnaeus

Father of Taxonomy

<p>Father of Taxonomy</p>
5

Binomial Nomenclature

"Two-name naming system" Linnaeus's Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name....Genus and species

<p>"Two-name naming system" Linnaeus's Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name....Genus and species</p>
6

Aristotle

Designed the first classification system which divided living things into two categories: plants and animals.

<p>Designed the first classification system which divided living things into two categories: plants and animals.</p>
7

Kingdom

Broken down into 6 - 4 have a nucleus and 2 do not. Plant, animal, protist, fungi, archaebacteria, eubacteria

<p>Broken down into 6 - 4 have a nucleus and 2 do not. Plant, animal, protist, fungi, archaebacteria, eubacteria</p>
8

Eubacteria

Kingdom of common unicellular prokaryotes. Cell walls contain peptidoglycan.

<p>Kingdom of common unicellular prokaryotes. Cell walls contain peptidoglycan.</p>
9

Archaebacteria

Kingdom of unicellular that live in extremely harsh environments

<p>Kingdom of unicellular that live in extremely harsh environments</p>
10

Protista

Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi

<p>Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi</p>
11

Fungi

A kingdom made up of eukaryotic organisms that cannot move, have cell walls made of chitin and get food by absorbing the nutrients

<p>A kingdom made up of eukaryotic organisms that cannot move, have cell walls made of chitin and get food by absorbing the nutrients</p>
12

Plantae

Kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls made of cellulose

<p>Kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls made of cellulose</p>
13

Animalia

A kingdom made up multicellular organisms with no cell walls, can usually move around, and quickly respond to their environment.

<p>A kingdom made up multicellular organisms with no cell walls, can usually move around, and quickly respond to their environment.</p>
14

Chordata

phylum with a backbone

<p>phylum with a backbone</p>
15

Species

A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.

<p>A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.</p>
16

Derived Trait

Newly evolved features that don't appear in fossils of common ancestors

<p>Newly evolved features that don't appear in fossils of common ancestors</p>
17

Ancestral Trait

A trait shared by all members of a group through a common ancestor.

<p>A trait shared by all members of a group through a common ancestor.</p>
18

Cladogram

Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms

<p>Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms</p>
19

Dichotomous Key

A tool used to identify organisms based on a series of choices

<p>A tool used to identify organisms based on a series of choices</p>
20

KPCOFGS

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

21

Domain

A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.