chapter 23

1919

18th Amendment

1920

first commercial radio station (KDKA)

1925

Scopes Trial

1927

Lindbergh flight across the Atlantic

warren harding

1921-1923

calvin coolidge

1923-1929

ku klux klan

terrorist group newly organized to promote racism and radical supremacy

w. e. b. dubois

organized the NAACP; supported active opposition for civil rights

NAACP

fill in the blank

w. e. b. dubois organized the ________; supported active opposition for civil rights

criminals

fill in the blank

gangs of professional ________ became common in big cities

al capone

most notorious gangster of the 20s

st. valentine’s day massacre

fill in the blank

al capone organized the ___. ____________ _____ ________

third communist international (comintern)

attempted to spread communism in the Western World

william z. foster

leader in the American Communist Movement

a. mitchell palmer

established the General Intelligence Division

j. edgar hoover

leader of the GID (later the FBI)

red scare

raiding of Communist headquarters in 33 cities to stop communism in America

japan

fill in the blank

during harding’s administration, _____ began to aggressively grow their empire

world court (permanent court of injustice)

international court designed to solve disputes among the League of Nations

fordney-mccumber tariff

gave the president power to raise tariff rates

bureau of the budget

government organization that created and approved the national budget

veterans bureau

government organization that provided aid, education, medical care, etc. for military vets

american legion

founded in Paris in 1919; known for patriotism, conservatism, and anti-Communism

emergency quota act

fill in the blank

immigration policies like the _________ _______ ____ were created to restrict annual immigration

teapot-dome scandal

President Harding’s administration was caught in the scandal; Harding died of illness shortly after; government officials leased government land with oil reserves for personal gain

roaring twenties

a period of peace and prosperity in America

coolidge

fill in the blank

_______’s strong Christian character made him a popular and effective president

war-debt commission

an organization that scheduled payments for the debt the Allies owed to America

dawes plan

the renegotiation of Germany’s war debt to prevent their financial collapse

young plan

stated that Germany’s debt be reduced and payment period be over a longer lifespan

owen d. young

fill in the blank

the young plan was proposed by ______ __ ________

kellogg-briand pact (pact of paris)

a treaty signed by 62 nations banning war as a means to settle disputes (1928)

mexico

fill in the blank

coolidge’s major achievement was to establish a more cordial relationship with ______

nationalize

formally take ownership of something

real wages

wages compared to buying power; increased and businesses grew during the 1920s

foreclosure

the taking of land by mortgage holders

mcnary-haugen bill

proposed the establishment of a government agency to buy surplus crop and resell them on a world market

federal farm board

fill in the blank

Agricultural Marketing Act established a _______ ______ ________

auto

fill in the blank

the _____ industry grew more than any other industry or company or company (because of Henry Ford’s assembly line process and mass production)

charles lindbergh

first to fly alone across the Atlantic Ocean (1927)

richard e. byrd

flew over the South Pole and explored the Antarctic

KDKA

first commercial radio station (1920)

national broadcasting company (NBC)

first national radio network

d. w. griffith

The Birth of a Nation (pioneered modern filming techniques)

george herman “babe” ruth jr.

first great home run hitter

bobby jones

first to win golf’s Grand Slam; best amateur golfer of all time

gertrude ederle

first woman to swim the English Channel

man o’ war

greatest racehorse of all time

lost generation

group of expatriate writers

f. scott fitzgerald

wrote The Great Gatsby about the vain lifestyles of the early 20s

modernism

literary movement that rejected traditional poetry

t. s. eliot

wrote The Waste Land

robert frost

one of the greatest traditional poets of the twentieth century

ashcan school

group of artists that painted realistic scenes of urban America

frank lloyd wright

considered the greatest American architect

george gershwin

popularized the music form jazz

irving berlin

one of America’s greatest songwriters

volstead act

put the 18th Amendment into effect

18th amendment

prohibited the sale and production of alcohol (1919)

1. violent

2. decreased

3. moonshiners

fill in the blanks

list the results of the 18th amendment.

1. ______ crime and abuse decreased 

2. Alcohol addiction _________

3. Increase in organized crime and “____________”

psychoanalysis

denies human personality and reduces man to a bundle of subconscious drives and fears

sigmund freud

psychoanalysis

behaviorism

a person’s environment is responsible for his behavior

john b. watson

behaviorism

economic determinsm

economic factors have an overriding influence on men’s decisions and the course of history

charles a. beard

economic determinsm

pragmatism

an idea or action should be judged only by its results

william james

pragmatism

progressive education

applies humanism to education encouraging children to follow their animal instincts and practice self-expression

john dewey

progressive education

secular humanism

matters of morality should be based on man’s well-being in the present life

existentialism

there is no truth or reality

soren kierkegaard

fill in the blank

existentialism began with the ideas of _____ _________

friedrich nietzsche

“God is dead.”

john t. scopes

school teacher who was on trial in defense of evolution

william jennings bryan

prosecutor in the scopes monkey trial

clarence darrow

lawyer for the defense

1. bryan

2. scopes

fill in the blank

_____ won the case and _______ was found guilty

walter rauschenbusch

“Prophet of the Social Gospel”

false ecumenism

union of all churches and sects into one organization

fundamentalists

those who wrote and supported the scholarly essays

the fundamentals

essays that presented the fundamentals of the Christian faith

lyman stewart

“God’s Oilman”; funded the publication of The Fundamentals