The Philippines During Rizal's Time: Frailocracia and Political Reality

Vocabulary flashcards covering the governance, economic structures, friar influence, and political reforms in the Philippines during Rizal's era as outlined in the lecture notes.

Frailocracia

A political system characterized as a 'government of the friars' resulting from the union of Church and State, where the State serves two authorities: the Pope of the Catholic Church and the King of Spain.

Gobernador-Heneral

The highest official in the Philippines who represented the King of Spain, acting as the head of the army and vice-patron of the Church.

Camilo de Polavieja

The Governor-General of the Philippines who served from 1896 to 1897.

Prayle

Friars who managed civil affairs in addition to religious matters, whose title became synonymous with 'leader' or 'ruler' among Filipinos.

Padre Botod

A work written by Graciano Lopez-Jaena that illustrates the concept of frailocracia.

Padre Andres de Urdaneta

An Augustinian priest and sea captain (kapitan-sa-paglalayag).

Padre Juan de Plasencia

A priest who established several schools for the natives and was renowned for his language skills.

Padre Martin de Rada

One of the first St. Augustine priests who served as a missionary in the Philippines.

Obispo Domingo de Salazar

An official appointed as bishop of Manila in 1578 and consecrated the following year in Madrid.

Padre Miguel de Benavides

The third Archbishop of Manila who helped establish the Unibersidad ng Pilipinas.

Inquilino

Estate managers who leased lands owned by the friars and subleased or contracted them to kasama for farming under a 50/50 profit-sharing system after expenses.

Kasama

Farmers who cultivated the land leased by inquilinos, sharing the harvest 50/50 after deducting expenses such as seeds, fertilizers, and planting costs.

Cadiz Constitution of 1812

A Spanish constitution that established male suffrage, national sovereignty, constitutional monarchy, freedom of the press, land reform, and free trade.

April 17, 1813

The date when the Cadiz Constitution was implemented in the Philippines.

1837 (Cadiz Constitution)

The year representation for Spanish colonies, including the Philippines, was removed under the Cadiz Constitution frame, worsening conditions in the colony.