GEG341: Contemporary Rural Britain - Full Revision Document

Flashcards about Contemporary Rural Britain

What concept critiques how early rural geography neglected those who did not fit the dominant image of the white, male, able-bodied, agriculturally-focused rural dweller?

Neglected Rural Geographies

According to Philo (1992), how were rural spaces conceptualized?

Through an exclusionary lens, marginalising the elderly, the homeless, women, ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+ individuals, and the disabled.

What did Cloke & Milbourne (2005) examine regarding rural homelessness?

The hidden nature of rural homelessness and how planning and service provision failed to address marginalised needs.

What did Holloway (2007) emphasize regarding minority identities in rural areas?

The importance of spatial belonging.

Name three key pathways of British farm business development in response to globalisation and policy reform.

Agri-industrialisation, diversification, and extensification.

According to Ilbery & Bowler (1998), what are the three categories of farm responses?

Industrial, diversified, and sustainable pathways.

What did Lobley et al. (2005) find shaped farmers' willingness to diversify?

Identity and cultural values.

What did Marsden & Sonnino (2008) highlight as a strategy of sustainable farming?

The rise of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs).

What act emphasized a shift to a more participatory, bottom-up framework in land-use planning in rural Britain?

The Localism Act (2011).

What did Gallent & Robinson (2012) emphasize regarding affordable housing in rural areas?

Planning has failed to effectively deliver affordable housing in many rural areas.

What does Healey (1997) argue for in planning?

Collaborative planning that integrates local knowledge and voices.

According to Parker & Murray (2012), what risk does neighbourhood planning under the Localism Act pose?

Empowering NIMBYism.

What broader shift does the 'Post-Productivist Countryside' describe?

A shift away from intensive, industrialised agriculture towards more multifunctional and environmentally conscious land use.

According to Wilson (2007), what best describes the shift from productivism to post-productivism?

A spectrum, rather than a binary shift.

What does Halfacree (2007) suggest the rural is?

A 'contested hybrid space' with overlapping land uses.

What is Slee's (2005) warning regarding post-productivism?

It often serves elite recreational interests, not sustainability.

What tensions emerge in rural Britain regarding rural conflicts?

Tensions emerge in rural Britain over housing, land access, environmental protection, and the commodification of rural space.

According to Cloke (1997), what does the symbolic rural idyll hide?

Deeper exclusions and tensions.

What did Short (2006) highlight as a core source of political conflict in the countryside?

Land access.

According to Halfacree (2006), who is rural space contested between?

Capitalist interests, residents, and environmentalists.

What is the focus of 'Rural Others'?

The experiences of groups often marginalised in mainstream rural discourse—such as travellers, LGBTQ+ individuals, ethnic minorities, and the disabled.

What did Valentine (1997) examine regarding sexuality in rural space?

The geography of sexuality in rural space, and the constraints faced by LGBTQ+ residents.

What concept did Philo (1992) introduce?

The idea of 'rural others' as central to understanding exclusion and power in the countryside.

What dynamic changes is Rural Britain undergoing?

Demographic shifts, economic restructuring, digital inequalities, and changing values.

What did Shucksmith (2000) emphasize regarding rural restructuring?

The uneven impacts of rural restructuring and growing rural exclusion.

What did Cloke et al. (2006) analyse regarding rural experience?

The diversity of rural experience, arguing against the idea of a 'one-size-fits-all' countryside.

What did Woods (2005) identify the rural as?

A space of social and economic negotiation, embedded in broader global processes.

What does 'Rurality' refer to?

The concept and construction of what is considered 'rural', including cultural, social, and symbolic meanings.

What three dimensions of rurality did Halfacree (1993) identify?

Objective (statistical), subjective (perceived), and representations in discourse.

What did Cloke (2006) argue about rurality?

It is socially constructed and can be used to justify exclusionary policies.

What did Woods (2005) emphasize regarding rural identity?

The performative nature of rural identity and how it is embedded in social practice.

What shifts does 'Agricultural Change' reflect in rural Britain?

Shifts in technology, economics, labour, and environmental policy.

What did Marsden et al. (1993) document?

The restructuring of agri-food systems and rural economies.

What did Burton & Wilson (2006) address?

The interplay between farmer identities and their responses to change.

What does Rural population change involve?

Both in-migration and out-migration, reshaping demographic profiles and challenging service provision.

What are migration patterns reflecting, accoridng to Halfacree (2007)?

Lifestyle aspirations, not just necessity

How does Gallent & Robinson (2012) describe rural planning?

Rural planning failures to meet affordable housing needs.

What is focused on in Pre and Post-Productivism?

Pre-productivism focused on subsistence and traditional farming. Productivism emerged post-WWII, characterised by intensification, mechanisation, and policy support. Post- productivism introduces multifunctional landscapes (leisure, conservation) and reduced state support.

Who defined the post-productivist transition in European rural areas?

Lowe et al. (1994)

What is the emphasis of Effect of Brexit on Rural Farming?

Withdrawal from the EU’s CAP has meant a shift to Environmental Land Management schemes (ELMs), labour shortages due to reduced EU migration, and trade uncertainties.

Who emphasized policy uncertainty and rural fragmentation post- Brexit?

Shucksmith (2018)

In- and Out-Migration

Migration flows into and out of rural areas alter local identities, economies, and service provision.

According to Howkins (2003) what do In-migrants seek?

Imagined idylls, disconnected from rural realities.

What is altering rural Britain?

Multiple crises—Brexit, Covid- 19, war in Ukraine, and cost-of -living pressures

What is the effect of Covid-19 on the rural homes?

Increased property prices