Bank 6｜City / Environment / Transport

City & Environment ①｜大城市最明显的优势是“什么都有”
• 大城市通常工作、学校、商店和娱乐选择更多
• 很多事情不需要跑很远就能找到
• 所以它特别适合喜欢选择多、生活方便的人

have more options / choices
have everything you need nearby
have easy access to jobs / shops / entertainment
There's always something to do.
be convenient for…

City & Environment ②｜大城市方便，但生活节奏也更累
• 人多、通勤和竞争会让生活节奏很快
• 每天花很多时间在人群和交通里，很容易让人疲惫
• 所以城市生活方便，不代表一定轻松

a fast-paced lifestyle
deal with crowds / traffic
have a long commute
feel drained / exhausted
Convenient doesn't necessarily mean relaxing.

City & Environment ③｜城市拥挤通常是“大家都想去同一个地方”的结果
• 大城市集中了工作、学校、活动和服务
• 所以很多人会在同一时间去同样的地方
• 人们通常不是为了“拥挤”才去，拥挤只是最后形成的结果

jobs / schools / events are concentrated in one area
attract large numbers of people
people all head to the same place
Crowding is more of a result than a reason.
People aren't there because they enjoy being packed together.

City & Environment ④｜热门地方人多，是因为活动本身有吸引力
• 演唱会、节日或热门景点本来就会吸引很多人
• 大家去是因为喜欢那个活动，而不是喜欢人挤人
• 所以“热闹”和“拥挤”有时候只是受欢迎的副产品

be drawn to an event / place
go there for the experience
be packed with people
a side effect of being popular — 受欢迎带来的副作用
the crowd is the result, not the attraction

City & Environment ⑤｜小城市最大的优势是没那么折腾
• 人少意味着交通和日常生活通常更轻松
• 很多地方距离近，不需要每天花大量时间通勤
• 对喜欢安静生活的人来说会舒服很多

less crowded / quieter
get around easily
not spend hours commuting
everything is fairly close by
a slower pace of life

City & Environment ⑥｜小城市舒服，但选择确实会少一些
• 工作、餐厅、活动和商店通常没有大城市那么多
• 有些特别的服务甚至需要去附近的大城市
• 所以安静和选择多有时候很难同时拥有

have fewer options
not have as much variety
travel to a bigger city for…
There are fewer things to do.
trade variety for a quieter life

City & Environment ⑦｜绿地让城市没那么压抑
• 城市里一直都是楼、车和人，很容易让人觉得拥挤
• 公园给人散步、运动和放松的地方
• 即使只是一小块绿地，也能让环境舒服很多

take a break from the city
go for a walk / exercise outdoors
get some fresh air
make a city feel less crowded / stressful
have somewhere to unwind — 有地方放松

City & Environment ⑧｜城市绿地很重要，但土地也很抢手
• 大城市当然需要更多公园
• 但住房、道路和商业也需要土地
• 所以现实中经常需要在不同需求之间做取舍

green space / public parks
land is limited
need space for housing / roads
compete for the same space
find a balance between…

City & Environment ⑨｜公共交通的价值是让人不必依赖汽车
• 如果公交和地铁方便，人就不需要每次出门都开车
• 这能减少交通压力，也让不会开车的人更容易出行
• 关键是公共交通必须真的方便可靠

rely on a car
get around without driving
reduce traffic
be convenient / reliable / frequent
People will use it if it actually works well.

City & Environment ⑩｜让人少开车，光叫大家环保没什么用
• 如果公交慢、贵或者很不方便，大多数人还是会开车
• 想改变习惯，就要先给人一个真正可行的替代选择
• 方便通常比说教更能改变行为

tell people to drive less
public transport is slow / unreliable
give people a realistic alternative
make the greener option easier
Convenience changes behaviour more than lectures do.

City & Environment ⑪｜骑自行车的人会不会变多，很看城市本身
• 平坦、距离短、交通没那么拥挤的城市很适合骑车
• 如果路太远或者骑车不安全，人还是会选择其他交通方式
• 所以不能简单预测所有城市都会越来越多人骑车

be easy to get around by bike
short distances / flat roads
safe bike lanes
feel safe cycling
It depends a lot on the city.

City & Environment ⑫｜自行车基础设施比“鼓励骑车”更重要
• 如果没有安全的自行车道，很多人就算想骑也不敢
• 把骑车变得安全和方便以后，人自然更愿意尝试
• 所以环境会直接影响人的交通选择

dedicated bike lanes
feel safe on the road
make cycling safer / easier
encourage more people to cycle
People are more likely to cycle if…

City & Environment ⑬｜堵车不只是车太多，也和大家出行时间一样有关
• 上下班时大量人同时上路，交通压力自然最大
• 所以单纯修更多路不一定能彻底解决问题
• 灵活工作时间和更好的公共交通也可能有帮助

rush hour
everyone travels at roughly the same time
get stuck in traffic
building more roads isn't always the answer
flexible working hours

City & Environment ⑭｜环保行为必须足够方便，大家才容易坚持
• 很多人不是完全不在乎环境，只是不愿意每天做特别麻烦的事情
• 如果回收、公共交通或环保产品都很容易使用，参与的人会更多
• 所以好的制度应该让环保选择变得简单

care about the environment
be inconvenient / take too much effort
make recycling easy
make the greener choice convenient
People are more likely to stick with it.

City & Environment ⑮｜个人环保行为有用，但不能把责任全推给个人
• 少用塑料、少浪费当然有意义
• 但交通、能源和生产方式不是一个消费者能改变的
• 所以个人、公司和政府都需要做自己的部分

reduce waste / use less plastic
individual choices
companies / governments also have a role to play
do your part — 做自己能做的那一份
It can't all be left to individuals.

City & Environment ⑯｜环境政策太麻烦，人可能反而不配合
• 一个环保规定如果让日常生活变得非常不方便，容易引起抵触
• 好政策应该让人愿意长期遵守，而不是只靠强迫
• 所以效果和可执行性都很重要

be too inconvenient / restrictive
people may push back — 人们可能产生抵触
be easy to follow
work in practice
People need to be able to stick with it.

City & Environment ⑰｜城市未来不会突然完全“无车化”
• 很多人仍然需要汽车上班、接孩子或者去交通不方便的地方
• 所以短期内生活习惯不会彻底改变
• 更现实的是公共交通、骑车和开车长期共存

still need a car for…
people's habits won't change overnight
I don't see cars disappearing anytime soon.
different forms of transport can coexist
give people more ways to get around