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Hans and Zaccharias Janssen
Created first compound microscope
Robert Hooke
An English scientist who made significant contributions to microscopy and is best known for his work "Micrographia," where he coined the term "cell" after observing cork.
Anton Van Leuwenhoek
A Dutch scientist known as the father of microbiology, he was the first to observe and describe single-celled organisms using a microscope he designed. His meticulous observations of bacteria and protozoa were groundbreaking.
John Needham
An English biologist and priest known for his experiments with microorganisms, Needham's work in the 18th century supported the theory of spontaneous generation, as he claimed that boiled broth could still generate life if left exposed to air.
Louis Pasteur
A French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries in the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, which significantly advanced the field of microbiology. Helped prove biogenesis via the Swan Flask Experiment.
Robert Koch
A German physician and microbiologist, Koch is best known for his role in establishing the germ theory of disease. He developed Koch's postulates, which are criteria for linking specific pathogens to specific diseases, and identified the causative agents of tuberculosis and anthrax.
Ignas Semmelweis
A Hungarian physician known for his pioneering work in antiseptic procedures, Semmelweis introduced hand disinfection standards in obstetrical clinics, significantly reducing maternal mortality rates. His findings emphasized the importance of hygiene in medical practices.
John Snow
An English physician known as one of the founders of modern epidemiology, John Snow is famous for his investigation of the 1854 cholera outbreak in London, where he mapped cases and identified contaminated water as the source of infection.
Joseph Lister
A British surgeon and pioneer of antiseptic surgery, Joseph Lister introduced the use of carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments and clean wounds, which significantly reduced post-operative infections and mortality rates.
