Paraphilias & Gender Dysphoria

what do paraphilias involve?

nonliving objects, humiliation of self/partner, children or non-consenting people

what is the dsm-5 criteria for paraphilias?

at least 6 months, distress/impairment or self/others at risk, for some behaviour alone is dangerous

what is fetishism?

reoccurring sexual urges that involves a nonliving objects

when does fetishism begin?

in adolescence and men have more than women

what are some common fetishes?

women’s underwear, shoes, boots

what do behaviourists believe about fetishes?

classical conditioning plays a role

how does CBT treat fetishes?

aversion therapy: associating the object with a bad smell or feeling

what is covert sensitization (CBT treatment for fetishes)

covert sensitization: they’re supposed to imagine the object with an imagined unpleasant stimulant until their fetish goes away

what is masturbatory satiation (CBT treatment for fetishes)?

making the person bored of the object

what is transvestic fetishism?

when a person dresses in clothes of opposite gender to achieve sexual arousal 

who is more likely to develop transvestic fetishism?

a married hetero male

when does transvestic fetishism begin and how is it treated?

childhood/adolescence and treated the same way as fetishes are

what is exhibitionism?

when a person is aroused by exposing genitals in public setting 

what is a treatment for exhibitionism?

same as fetishes but could include social skills training or psychotherapy

what is voyeuristic disorder?

masturbate during the act of observing or when thinking about it afterward but does not generally seek to have sex with the person being spied on

what is frotteuristic disorder?

experiences repeated and intense sexual arousal from touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person

what is pedophilia?

Fantasies or behaviour, wants sexual activity with child 13 years or younger

what are some causes of pedophilia?

history of sexual abuse → cycle of abuse

who are victims and when does pedophilia develop?

2/3 are girls and develops in adolescence

what are some treatments for pedophilia?

same as fetishes, antiandrogen drugs to lower desire, and relapse-prevention treatment

what is sadism?

arousal when a person is in pain

how can sadism be expressed?

fantasies, urges, or behaviors

what are sadism causes?

classical conditioning, feelings of sexual inadequacy, brain/hormonal abnormalities

what is a sadism treatment?

aversion therapy

what is masochism?

when a person likes to be suffered

what is masochism treatment?

aversion therapy