Stage Theory of Memory and Personality

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the lecture on the stage theory of memory and Freud's personality theory.

What are the two main types of long-term memory (LTM)?

Explicit (declarative) and implicit (non-declarative) memory.

What is the role of the hippocampus in memory?

It is involved in forming new memories.

What is chunking in memory?

A technique to group information into manageable units to enhance memory.

What does the phonological loop do in working memory?

It processes auditory information and allows for the repetition of sounds.

What are the serial position effects in memory?

The tendency to remember items at the beginning (primacy effect) and end (recency effect) of a list better than the middle items.

What is retrograde amnesia?

The inability to remember past events.

What is proactive interference?

When old learning interferes with new learning.

How does Freud's psychoanalytic theory describe the three parts of personality?

The id (unconscious, pleasure principle), ego (conscious, reality principle), and superego (conscious, morality).

What are the psychosexual stages of development according to Freud?

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages.

What is the defense mechanism of repression?

Pushing unacceptable thoughts and impulses into the unconscious.

What does Carl Jung's concept of the collective unconscious include?

An archetypal reservoir of ancestral memories present in all cultures.

How does Alfred Adler describe personality development?

It is shaped by our striving for superiority and can involve an inferiority complex.

What are projective tests in personality measurement?

Tests that measure unconscious conflicts, desires, and hopes, such as the Rorschach inkblot test.

What is the main focus of humanistic psychology?

The inherent goodness of people and their drive for self-actualization.