Los pueblos prerromanos e Hispania romana

Flashcards about the pre-Roman peoples and Roman Hispania.

Pre-Roman Peoples

Peoples living in the Iberian Peninsula before the Roman conquest.

Celts

Groups from Northern and Western Iberian Peninsula; known for ironworking and disorganized settlements called Castros.

Castro

Disorganized settlement of the Celts

Iberians

Groups from Southern and Eastern Iberian Peninsula; influenced by Mediterranean colonizers, known for agriculture, mining, and their own currency and writing.

Trueque

An exchange of goods or services without the use of money.

Arte Ibérico

Iberian sculptures, examples include the Lady of Elche and the Lady of Baza.

Tartessos

A civilization in Southern Iberia known for metal exports, trade, and agriculture of olives and vines.

Mediterranean Colonizers

Civilizations that established trading posts and colonies along the Iberian coast, introducing new goods and ideas.

Fenicios

From the coast of what is now Lebanon, traded in metals and founded coastal colonies.

Griegos

From modern-day Greece, established trading posts and colonies like Rhode (Rosas) and Emporion (Ampurias) in the Iberian Peninsula.

Cartagineses

From North Africa, they competed with the Greeks for Mediterranean dominance and founded colonies like Carthago Nova (Cartagena).

Romanos

They militarily occupied and directly exploited the Iberian Peninsula, organizing it into provinces with cities and communication routes.

Vino, Aceite, Productos Cárnicos, Caballos, Minerales, Esclavos

Products that Spain provided to Rome.

Cultura latina, Arte, Costumbres, Lengua latina

Cultural elements that Rome provided to Spain.

Segunda Guerra Púnica

Conflict between the Carthaginians and Romans, leading to Roman occupation of southern and eastern Iberia.

Guerras lusitanas

Led by Viriato, these wars resulted in the Roman conquest of the southwest Iberian Peninsula (Lusitania).

Guerras celtíberas

Centered in Numancia, these wars led to the Roman conquest of the central Iberian Peninsula.

Guerras cántabras

Wars during the reign of Emperor Augustus, resulting in the Roman conquest of the northern Iberian Peninsula.

Romanización

The process by which Roman customs and ways of life were adopted in the Iberian Peninsula.

Hormigón

An element of Roman architecture that uses concrete as the base of the buildings.

Dórico

Simple, without a base

Jónica

Columns with volutes

Corintio

Columns decorated with acanthus leaves

Toscano

Doric with a base

Compuesto

Possesses a Corinthian capital with Ionic volutes

Arco de medio punto

Semicircular arch

Dintel

Horizontal support

Bóvedas

Arched ceiling or roof

Monumentos Conmemorativos

Religious monuments

Arquitectura Funeraria

Tombs

Edificios públicos

Buildings such as basilicas, thermal baths and markets.

Edificios para espectáculo

Like the theatre, amphitheatre or the circus.

Obras públicas de ingeniería

Bridges, aqueducts, thermal baths, forum, roads, reservoirs, lighthouses and walls

Los visigodos

From Central Europe. Their capital was Toledo. They stayed for about 200 years.

Leovigildo

Visigothic king who unified the territories of the Iberian Peninsula.

Recaredo

Visigothic king who converted to Catholicism in the Third Council of Toledo.

Recesvinto

Visigothic king who created common laws for Visigoths and Hispano-Romans: Liber Iudiciorum.

Teodosio

He divided the entire Roman Empire.

Ojos almendrados

Eyes that are almond-shaped.

Grandes orejas

Big ears

Alargados puentes nasales

Elongated nasal bridges

Frontalidad

The subject is facing forward

Hieratismo

Without expression

Esquematismo

Few lines/details

Simplicidad de las formas

Simplicity in subject appearance