Napoleon Test

Where was Napoleon born

Corsica

Who was Napoleon Bonaparte

A brilliant general who passed a great number of reforms

Who was Josephine de Beauharnais

Napoleon's wife

What happened to French liberty under Napoleon

It decreased

What happened to the order and government under Napoleon

They increased

What factors led to Napoleon's rise to power

Products of the revolution, public desire for stability after chaos of rev, marrying Josephine, and military victories

What products of the revolution led Napoleon to be powerful

He prioritized merit over birth which was impossible in the old regime

Why was marrying Josephine important

She provided political connections and contacts

Why did France accept Napoleon as ruler

He has success with conquering states and land

What happened to nationalism under Napoleon

It increased

What happened at the Battle of Toulon

France expelled Britain away

What was the 13 Vendemiaire

Where Napoleon pushed down royalist uprisings in Paris

What happened during the Italian Campaign?

Nap took a weak Italian army and turned them into a fighting force - defeating Austria and Italy

What were the effects of the Italian Campaign?

It secured Frances border and gained territory

What was the Egyptian Campaign

Nap invaded Egypt to disrupt British trade with Asia

What was the Battle of Pyramids

Napoleon wiped out almost the entire Egyptian army, Britain destroyed French fleet

What did Napoleon do regarding the results of the Battle of Pyramids

He exaggerated his wins and kept the defeat out of the press

What was the Coup of 18 Brumaire

The Directory was dissolved/ overthrown by Napoleon

What was Napoleon's first title

First Consul

What was Napoleon's second title

First Consul For Life

What was Napoleon's third title

Emperor

How did people view the Directory

Weak, unpopular, and corrupt

Why did people like Napoleon's choices for the Directory?

He provided order and stability

What is a plebiscite

vote of the people

What did the French gov become under Napoleon

More authoritarian but more stable and efficient

What was the Concordat of 1801

Agreement between Pope and Napoleon: Napoleon recognized Church but didn't make Catholicism the official religion, church didn't get any land back that was lost in the rev

What was the Bank of France's effects on the economy

It stabilized the economy

What was the Bank of France's effects on the society

Regulated currency and created fairer tax system

What were the civic works Napoleon was responsible for

Road, canals, bridges, sewers, and fire departments

What monument was Napoleon responsible for

Arc de Triomphe

What was the Napoleonic Code

Legal code where all citizens are subject to the same law

What were the good aspects of the Napoleonic code

Affirmed rev principles of equality, freedom of religion

What were the bad aspects of the Napoleonic code

Censor of press, women and children subject to men

What is the legion of honor

System of recognition based on hardwork and merit

What were lycees

government run public schools

What did Napoleon do regarding slavery

Reconstituted slavery in colonies

What happened with Saint Domingue

It won independence which made Napoleon give up his dream of having empire in America

What was the result of Saint Domingue gaining independence

With the extra land, Napoleon sold it to the U.S. becoming the Louisiana Purchase

What were the Napoleonic Wars

Series of wars between Napoleon and Europe

What did Napoleon use war as

As an instrument of foreign policy

Who was Napoleon's greatest enemy?

Britain

What were the coalitions

An organized series made by Britain against Napoleon

What was the crossing of the alps

FRA crossed the Alps and defeated Austria

What was the Battle of Trafalgar

Britain defeated France in Britain

Who led the British army during the Battle of Trafalgar

Lord H. Nelson

What were the effects of the Battle of Trafalgar

Napoleon gave up on invading Britain, FRA navy was destroyed

What happened during the Battle of Austerlitz

FRA beat Austria and Russia and gained control of almost all of Europe

What was considered to be Napoleons greatest victory

The Battle of Austerlitz

What did the Battle of Austerlitz do to Napoleon

The power went to his head and strengthened his control on Europe

What happened after the Battle of Austerlitz

More mil. victories, treaties, and aliiances

Who was Alexander I

Russian czar (king)

What was the purpose of signing the treaty with Alexander I

Russia agreed to help France beat Britain

What did Napoleon do regarding his siblings

He made his brothers the kings of different countries and married his sisters off to other rulers

What countries were Napoleon's brothers the kings of

Holland, Sicily, and Naples

Why did Napoleon divorce Josephine

She failed to give him a child

Who was Napoleon's second wife

Marie Louise of Austria (Great niece of marie antoinette)

How do invasions effect France

Increases nationalism and resistance

What was the Continental System

France's plan that forbade any European country to trade with Great Britain by creating a blockade

What was the point of the Continental System

To economically weaken Britain into surrendering

Why didn't the Continental System work

Europe was too big to block, desire for British goods were too big

Regarding British goods, what did the Continental System result in

An increase in smuggling

Regarding other countries, what did the Continental System result in

Resentment from allies, shortages and inflation

What was the Peninsular War

When Napoleon goes through Spain to capture Portugal and then on his way back captures Spain. Then the British land in Portugal and he has to fight them off.

What did the Peninsular War result in

Mass revolt and atrocities

What was the verdict of the Peninsular War

France lost, Portugal and Spain won

What tactic was used during the Peninsular War

Guerrilla warfare

What is guerrilla warfare

Hit and run tactic with hiding and surprising

What was the Russia Campaign

The downfall of Napoleon when they tried to invade Russia

What was the first part of the Russia Campaign

Alexander I stopped supporting the Continental System

What was the second part of the Russia Campaign

The Grand Armee invaded Russia

What was the Grand Armee

Around 600k soldiers that Napoleon gathered to fight Russia.

What was Napoleon's goal for the Russia Campaign

A big battle and victory to make Alexander I sign the treaty

What did Napoleon not intend regarding the Russia Campaign

A long war or campaign

What were the Russian's strategy

Refuse to fight and lure the French in so that they would run out of supplies and suffer from the weather

What did the Russians do to their own land

They burned their villages so that the French army wouldn't have anything

What did the battle turn into philisophically

It turned into a battle of wills not military

What decision did Napoleon make when his men were dying during the Russia Campaign

He marched on Moscow because he was unaware of how bad the situation really way

What was the Battle of Bordino

France vs. Russia outside of Moscow, "bloody draw", heavy losses for both sides

Why did the Battle of Bordino disappoint Napoleon

Because he wanted a clear and decisive victory

What happened when Napoleon arrived in Moscow

During his first night, the Russians came and burned it down

What were the effects of retreating from the Russia Campaign

Decimated FRA army, lost 500k, winter took toll on army

When did the Russian army do their main attack

When the French army was retreating and when the men were weak from weather and starvation

What did the non-French soldiers do after retreating the Russia Campaign

They deserted the army because although the punishment for desertment was death, leaving made a better chance at living

What does BARP stand for

Britain, Austria, Russia, Prussia

What did BARP do to Napoleon regarding the Russia Campaign

They forced a coalition against him

What was the Battle of Nations

ARP rose up to fight Napoleon and he was outnumbered 2:1. Napoleon lost.

What was the turning point in Napoleon's downfall

The Battle of Nations

What did BARP eventually make Napoleon do

Relinquish his title as emperor

When asked to relinquish his title as emperor, who did Napoleon think would defend him

He thought the public would rally for him but in reality, everyone was tired of war

What did the other generals do when Napoleon was losing power

Turned on him and agreed to coalitions and truces behind his back

What did Napoleon do after relinquishing his title

Tried and failed to kill himself and puts himself in the mercy of the Great Powers

What does Napoleon hope the Great Powers will let him do

To live a normal life with his family

What do the Great Powers do to Napoleon

They exile him to the Isle of Elba and let him be the emperor there

What is the Isle of Elba

A piece of land that is dirt poor and poorly maintained

What happened to Marie Louise

She got a new boyfriend while Napoleon was exiled

What happened to the government after Napoleon lost power

The Bourbon Dynasty was restored with Louis the 18th running a constitutional monarchy

What was the Congress of Vienna

A conference between the Great Powers that was meant to restore order and prevent future upheaval

What was a key characteristic of the Congress of Vienna

It was extremely conservative

Who was Prince Klemens Von Metternich

Foreign minister of Austria, a conservative, believed in monarchy, key leader in the Congress of Vienna

What was Prince Klemens Von Metternich's main goal

No other country should dominate Europe and lasting peace depended on stable balance of power and restoration of the legitimate rule.