T5 GI drugs

antacids

H2 receptor antagonists

proton pump inhibitors

drugs to control acid

what neutralizes stomach acid, relieves symptoms of heartburn, dyspepsia, GERD and pain as an adjunct to peptic ulcer treatment

antacids

aluminum hydroxide

calcium carbonate

magnesium hydroxide

these are what type of drugs

antacids

antacid only does what

neutralize stomach acid

brand names for aluminum hydroxide

maalox

mylanta

aluminum hydroxide mixed with what other antacid causes constipation

calcium carbonate

what antacid may colour stools white or cause white streaks

aluminum hydroxide

what antacid should nurses monitor for hypophosphatemia, hypercalcium and diarrhea

aluminum hydroxide

what antacid causes constipation, gas and belching

calcium carbonate

what antacid can pt overdose on

calcium carbonate

what drug would you watch for signs of hypercalcemia (kidney stones)

calcium carbonate

calcium carbonate brand names

rolaids

tums

what antacid mixed with aluminum hydroxide causes diarrhea

magnesium hydroxide

what antacid drug should not be given to pt with renal failure

magnesium hydroxide

antacids ____ interfere with other oral drugs if given at the same time

can

oral drugs and antacids should be given _____ between each other

2 hrs

H2 (histamine) receptor antagonist drugs

cimetidine

famotidine

nizatidine

what drug is used to treat GERD, peptic ulcers, erosive esophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison, prophylactic stress ulcers in pts in ICU

H2 receptor antagonist

what drugs are for erosive esophagitis, GERD, short-term ulcer tx, Zollinger-Ellison, H. pylori

proton pump inhibitors

proton pump inhibitors end with

zole

this proton pump inhibitor has capsules that can be opened and sprinkled onto food

lansoprazole

adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors

osteoporosis, achlorhydria

sucralfate (carafate) and misoprostol (cytotec) are what type of drugs

acid controlling

this drug is huge and must be taken in the morning b4 any other meds

sucralfate (carafate)

the effects of this drug have a short duration of action and must be taken multiple times a day

sucralfate (Carafate)

this drug binds to the surface of an ulcer and provides protection and promotes ulcer healing

sucralfate (Carafate)

this drug reduces incidence of peptic ulcers caused by NSAIDs and protects the gastric mucosa

misoprostol

this drug is a prostaglandin E analog

misoprostol

this drug is contraindicated in pregnancy d/t it causong abortion

misoprostol

H2 (histamine) receptor antagonist does what to acid

suppresses acid production

cimetidine (Tagamet) is what class drug

H2 receotor antagonist

what H2 receptor antagonist inhibits estradial (estrogen) metabolism

cimetidine (Tagamet)

long term use of cimetidine (Tagamet) causes what

impotence and gynecomastia in men

what is the most common H2 receotor antagonist

famotidine (Pepcid)

H2 receptor antagonists should be taken ______ from each other

2 hrs

Proton pump inhibitors should be taken _________ b4 eating

30 - 60 min

What acid controling drug stops 90% acid secretion in 24/hrs

proton pump inhibitors

Adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors

osteoporosis, achlorhydria

what proton pump inhibitor comes in capsules and can be opened and sprinkled onto food or into G tube

lansporazole (Prevacid)

peptic ulcer disease and acid refluc can lead to

cancer

normal stomach ph

1 - 4

1 or more tumor growth in the small intestine, creates excess acid production

zollinger-Ellison syndrome

drugs, diseases, smoking, genetics, and stress all do what to acid production

increase

what labs should be checked for acid

h and h, liver function

adsorbents

anticholinergics

opiates

probiotics

are all types of what drug

antidiarrheal drugs

these antidiarrheal drug coat the walls of the GI tract and bind to bacteria or toxins and eliminate them through the stool

absorbent drugs

this drug is used in overdoses to bind to drugs and eliminate

activated charcoal

this drug antidiarrheal should not be used in children with viral illness (Reyes syndrome), it can cause temp darkening of the tongue and stool and increases bleeding time

bismuth subsalicylate

the antidiarrheal bismuth subsalicylate is also known as what OTC

pepto bismol, kaopectate

what drug class should not be given to people with intestinal obstruction

antidiarrheals

this drug slows GI motility (peristalsis), reduces gastric secretions, only for severe cases and is prescription only

anticholinergics

atropine and hyoscyamine are what type of antidiarrheals

anticholinergics

dry mouth, blurry vision and urine retention are AE of what antidiarrheal class

anticholinergics

the AE of constipation belongs to what antidiarrheal

opiates

this drug reduces pain associated with diarrhea and inhibits GI motility

opiates

loperamide (imodium) and diphenoxylate w/ atropine (lomotil) are what class of antidiarrheal

opiate

this opiate antidiarrheal can be bought OTC and should not be given to pt with ulcerative colitis pseudomembranous colitis and e. coli d/t it increasing the risk of toxic megacolon

loperamide (imodium)

what opiate antidiarrheal is prescription only and has atropine added to discourage abuse

diphenoxylate (lomotil)

this antidiarrheal reestablishes the natural flora destroyed by antibiotics so bad bacteria can be suppressed in the intestine

probiotics

lactobacillus is what type of antidiarrheal

probiotics

bulk-forming

emollient

hyperosmotic

stimulant

are all what kind of drug

laxative drugs

this laxative class works similar to fiber and absorbs water into the intestine to distend the bowel and initiate reflex bowel activity. Lots of water should also be taken with this

bulk forming

methylcellulose (Citrucel) and psyllium (Metamucil) belong to what class of laxatives

bulk forming

this laxative class should not be given to pt with intestinal obstruction or hepatitis

bulk forming

this laxative class lubricates the stool and intestines, act as fecal softeners and only ease fecal passage NOT cause defecation

emollient

im gonna crush emollient laxative drugs

NO

docusate (colace) and mineral oil can be taken with

water and apple sauce

types of emollient laxative drugs

docusate (colace) mineral oil

what laxative class can be taken with opiods if pt does not move alot

emolients

what laxative should not be given to pt with intestinal obstruction, fecal impaction and N/V

emollient

this laxative class increases water content in the stool resulting in distension, peristalsis and evacuation

hyperosmotic

glycerin

lactulose

polyethylene glycol 3350 (goLYTELY) (miralax - OTC)

are what class of laxatives

hyperosmotic

this hyperosmotic laxative is often used in children and is rectal administration only

glycerin

this hyperosmotic laxative is not easily digested, helpful in reducing serum ammonia lvls, given orally or rectally and should not be given to pts w/ a low lactose diet

lactulose

this hyperosmotic laxative is given b4 diagnostic or surgical bowel procedures to clear out / empty the stomach

golytely miralax

this laxative increases osmotic pressure and draws water into the colon causing watery stool within 3-6 hrs

saline laxatives

magnesium and sodium laxatives belong to what laxative class

saline laxatives

this saline laxative includes, sulfate (Epsom salts), hydroxide (milk of magnesia) and citrate (citrate of magnesia)

magnesium laxative

this saline laxative should be used with caution in pt with renal insufficiency

magnesium laxatives

this saline laxatives include fleet edemas

sodium laxatives

im gonna give saline laxatives to this guy with an obstructed bowel

NO

these laxatives induce intestinal peristalsis and help push out feces. its given orally or rectally

stimulant laxatives

bisacodyl (dulcolax) and senna (senokot) are what class of laxatives

stimulant

this stimulant laxative takes 6-12 hrs to work

senna (snokot)

IBS - D

diarrhea

this IBS-D drug should be discontinued if it dosen’t work after 4 weeks, and has a black box warning of ischemic colitis

alosetron

IBS-C

constipation

this IBS-C drug has an AE of N/D, and abn pain. It should not be used in pt with bowel obstruction

lubiprostone

antiemetic drugs stop

N/V

anticholinergic

antihistamines

antidopaminergic

neurokinin blockers

prokinetic

serotonin blockers

are all what type of drug

antiemetic drugs

this antiemetic drug class is given 30-60 min b4 and after chemo treatment. It can be given orally or IVP over 2-5 min

serotonin blockers

this serotonin blocker antiemetic can be given during the 1st trimester of pregnancy and have minimal AE

ondansetron (zofran)

this antiemetic drug class lasts 72 hrs and has AE of tachy, dilated pupils, dry mouth, urinary retention and constipation

anticholinergics

this anticholinergic antiemetic drug prevents N/V associated w/ motion sickness and should not be given to pt w/ glaucoma

scopolamine

this antiemetics drug class blocks H1 receptors in the vestibular nuclei, works similarly to anticholinergics and is for dizziness and vertigo

antihistamines

this antiemetic drug class has AE of drowsiness, tachy, dilated pupils, dry mouth, urinary retention and constipation

antihistamines

meclizine (antivert)

dimenhydrinate (dramamine)

diphenhydramine (benadryl)

these belong to what class of antiemetics

antihistamines

this antiemetic drug class is given in the hospital and can be given orally, rectally, IM, or IV and has an AE of extrapyramidal symptoms (repetitive involuntary facial movements)

antidopaminergic drugs

this antiemetic drug should be discontinued immediately if pain or burning occurs with IV administration and ends with AZINE

antidopaminergic

prochlorperazine (compazine)
promethazine (phenergan)

belong to what class of antiemetics

antidopaminergic drugs