Microbiology Ch 1 History/People

Antony Van Leewanhoek (1632-1723)

1. A ——— of Microbiology

2. — and —— inventions

3. First person to ——- to royal society London. Different —— , ——- and their motility

4. ———- description

5. Described —-, —— and —— shapes of Bacteria

1. Father of Microbiology

2. Lenses and microscope

3. First person to report accurate descriptions of various bacteria to royal society London. Different shapes sizes and their motility

4. Protozoa description

5. Described rod, spherical and spiral shapes of Bacteria

Robert Hooke (1665)

Reported first cell using improved microscope

Francisco Redi (1668)

1. Test to disprove spontaneous generation———-

Maggot experiment to disprove spontaneous generation. Not disproven though after he proved it.

Rudolph Virchow (1858)

1. Concept of —— to disprove ——

1. Concept of BIOGENESIS to disprove Spontaneous generation

Louis Pasture (1822-1895) (hint fermentation)

1. Studied —— and invented ——-

2. Discovered principles of ———

Also father of microbiology

One of three main founders of Bacteriology Along with Cohn and Robert Koch

1. Studied fermentation, found out result of microbial activity and different fermentation procedures are carried out by different microorganisms. Bacteria or yeast. Discovered aerobic bacteria.

Developed pasteurization technique to remove unwanted microbes

2. Discovered principles of active immunizations. In 1881 made cholera, anthrax and rabies vaccine

Solved contamination problem in wine and beer industry in France. Good batch has one microbe bad has another microbe

Robert Koch (1843-1910)

1. Isolated ——-

2. Invented ——— technique

3. Invented Koch’s ———

1. solated causes responsible for causing diseases like anthrax, Tuberculosis and cholera

2. Invented streak plate technique

Introduced gelatin

Staining techniques

3. Koch Postulates For diseases

Joseph Lister

Developed antiseptic surgery and pure culture techniques

Listerene = Clean!

Metchnikoff

Discovered phagocytosis

Flemming

Penicillin

Edward Jenner

Vaccination for smallpox

Paul Ehrich (1854-1915)

1. Earliest pioneer of ——- ——-

Earliest pioneer of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Karl Landsteiner

Human blood groups

First Golden Age of Microbiology (1857-1911)

Second Age of Microbiology (1940-1989)

Fleming Chain Florey - penicillin

Bishop and Varmus - cancer causing genes (oncogenes)

Third Golden Age Microbiology (1990-Now)

Bacteriology

Study of Bacteria

Began with van Leeuwenhocks first examination of tooth scrapings

Mycology

Study of fungi

Parasitology

Study of Protozoa and Parasitic worms

Immunology

Study of immunity

Virology

Study of viruses

Microbial Genetics

Molecular Biology

Study of mechanisms how microorganisms inherit traits

How genetic information is carried in molecules of DNA

Genomics

Study of all of an organisms genes

Microbial Ecology

Study of relations between microbes(organisms if just ecology) and environment

What’s essential for plants/animals to use elements like carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus?

Microorganisms

Bioremediation

Use of microbes to remove environmental pollutant

Bacillus enzymes are also used in detergents

Biotechnology

Industrial application of microorganisms, cells or cell components to make a useful product

Recombinant DNA has been used to produce a number of ——, —— and ——

Natural proteins

Vaccines

Enzymes

Gene therapy

Inserting missing gene or replacing a defective one

Resistance

Ability to ward off diseases through innate and adaptive immunity

Skin, mucous membranes and defensive cells and chemicals of our immune system

If our natural defenses are not enough what can be used?

Antibiotics, vaccine ect

Biofilm

1. —- community that usually forms as a ———

Microbial community that usually forms as a slimy layer

Usually resistant to antibiotics because biofilm forms protective barrier