Unit 1 Anatomy and Phys of speech and swallow

Biology

The study of life

Anatomy

study of structure

Physiology

Study of function

Kinesiology

study of movement

Sagittal Plane

vertical division of the body into right and left portions

Coronal Plane

divides body into front and back

Transverse Plane

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

Isometric Contraction

Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays the same length

isotonic contraction

muscles contract and shorten

synarthrodial joints

immovable joints

amphiarthrodial joints

slightly movable joints

diathrodial joints

Most common joints in the body. FREELY MOVABLE

Epithelial Tissue Proper

Tissue forming the skin

Endothelial Tissue

inner lining of the walls of blood and lymph vessels

Mesothelial Tissue

lining of primary body cavities

ex. lungs, abdomen, heart

Areolar Tissue

loose connective tissue

Adipose Tissue

fat

Fasciae

connective tissue layers and wrappings that support and surround organs

reticular tissue

type of loose connective tissue that provides a supportive framework to soft organs, such as lymphatic tissue, spleen, and the liver

Tendon

Connects muscle to bone

Ligament

Connects bone to bone

hayline cartilage

Found in Joints, Nose, Larynx, Trachea, Ribs

elastic cartilage

Found in auditory parts, highly flexible

fibrous Cartilage

very tough form of cartilage found in the intervertebral disks of the spine and at the junctions where tendons attach to bone

Dense Bone

Hard outer layer

Spongy Bone

inside of bone

Striated tissue

cardiac and skeletal muscle

Smooth tissue

Involuntary, no striations, uninucleated. Spindle shaped cells found in the walls of hollow structures.

Cardiac tissue

Involuntary, straited and branched muscles, circulates, in heart

Nerve cells/neurons

conducting cells of the nervous system, consisting of a cell body containing the nucleus and its surrounding cytoplasm, and the axon and dendrites; specialized cells for transmitting impulses

Glial Cells

cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons

Axial Skeleton

skull, vertebral column, rib cage

Appendicular Skeleton

bones of the shoulder, pelvis, and upper and lower extremities

Elevations

Projections or raised areas

Depressions

Cavities and indentions

Condyle

A rounded knuckle like process

Crest

Prominent Ridge

Head

enlargement on the end of a bone

Process

any bony prominence

Spine

sharp, slender, often pointed projection

Trochanter

large, rough projection

Tubercle

small rounded projection

Tuberosity

large rounded projection

Fissure

an opening; a groove; a split

Foramen

Round or oval opening through a bone

Fossa

Relatively deep pit or depression

Foeva

Small pit like depression

Groove

furrow

Meatus

Tubelike passageway within a bone

Neck

Constriction near the head of a bone

sinus

cavity within a bone

Sulcus

narrow groove

Why is it important for SLPs to know the anatomy and physiology of the speech and swallowing mechanisms

Prognosis, Plan, and Identification