Islam Final

atheist

atheist

no god

monotheist

one god

polytheist

more than one god

agnostic

unknown, possibility of god(s)

henotheist

one central god but belief in multiple

allah

god, same as christianity and judaism

tawhid

oneness of god

shirk

sin of idolatry, polytheism

Fore-...

fore-willing, fore-knowing, and fore-loving

abd

slave, servant, worship

khalifa

ruler, leader

huzn

grief, sadness

ghafla

sin of forgetting allah or not acknowledging him

taqwah

fear of god, being conscious of god

torah

first five books of the old testament

injil

gospel (Jesus)

qur'an

islamic scripture

vedas

hindu scriptures

rasul

islamic prophet (moses, jesus, muhammad)

jinn

genies

shaytan

evil spirits

iblis

satan

yawm-al-din

judgement day

al-jannah

final heaven of the righteous

al-jahannam

hell for grave sins

five pillars

shahadah, salat, zakat, sawm, hajj

the shahadah

there is no god but god and muhammad is the messenger of god

salat

5 daily prayers

zakat

yearly tax

sawm

fasting during ramadan

hajj

pilgrimage to mecca

imam

prayer leader

ka'aba

the sacred temple in mecca

hadith

collection of sayings and actions of muhammad

ijma

agreement to follow islamic law

halal

food muslims are allowed to eat

haram

forbidden food

jihad

struggling against sin, purifying yourself

Muhammad birthdate

570

muhammad's first wife

khadijah, married in 595

laylat-al-qadr

the revelation

year of sorrows

death of khadijah and abu talib

laylat-al-mi'raj

night journey, with jibril and buraq

muhammad death date

632

rashidun

first 4 to succeed muhammad (abu bakr, umar, uthman, ali)

a'isha

muhammad's third and youngest wife, spread muhammad's message after his death

second caliphate, under umar, 661-750

umayyad

third caliphate, under uthman, 750-1258

abbasid

756-1492

al-andalus

1035-1250

seljuks

969-1187

fatimid

the reconquest

political expansion, christian states expelling muslims from the iberian peninsula, 718-1492

crusades

religious wars, 1096-1291

1258

mongol invasion

A muslim empire based in turkey, 1300 to 1922.

ottoman empire

1501-1736

safavid

1526-1858

mughal

aya, sura

verse, chapter

hanging odes

winning poems from an ukaz market hung in the ka'aba, mu'allaqut

karim

noble, generous, one of the names of god

structure of pre-islamic odes (qasidas)

60-100 lines with the same end rhyme, often written in praise of a nobleman

qiyas

comparison of the qur'an and hadith

ulama

interpreter of islamic law and knowledge

role of women in islam

be modest, responsible for children, equal to men

ijtihad

reasoned interpretation of sacred law by a qualified scholar

ahl-al-kitab

people of the book (jews and christians)

da'wa

calling people to islam

dhimmi

people of the book, allowed to practice their religion in an islamic state

jizya

tax on dhimmis

1948

pakistan-india partition, expulsion of the british

1945

indonesia independence movement

1957

malaysia independence movement

1954-1962

north africa independence movement

exclusivist

belief that only your way is right

inclusivist

belief in your religion but realise you can learn from all religions

abstainist

religion is too scary to commit to

relativist

there is little truth to each religion so it is not important