Science Yearly Overview

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering Matter, Force and Motion, Energy Transfer, Earth & Space resources, and Ecosystems concepts.

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Particle

Tiny pieces that make up all matter.

Atom

The smallest unit of matter.

Molecule

A group of atoms joined together, such as a water molecule ($H_2O$).

Solid

Matter with a definite shape and volume.

Liquid

Matter that takes the shape of its container but keeps the same volume.

Gas

Matter that spreads out to fill a space.

Mass

The amount of matter in an object.

Volume

The amount of space an object takes up.

Density

How tightly packed matter is in an object.

Mixture

Two or more substances mixed but not chemically combined.

Solution

A mixture where one substance dissolves evenly in another.

Solute

The substance that dissolves in a solution.

Solvent

The substance that dissolves the solute.

Dissolve

When one substance spreads evenly through another.

Physical Property

A characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured.

Physical Change

A change in matter that does not create a new substance.

Chemical Change

A change that forms a new substance.

Magnetism

A force that attracts certain metals.

Conduct

To allow energy to pass through.

Insulator

A material that slows or stops energy from moving.

Force

A push or pull that can change motion.

Motion

The movement of an object from one place to another.

Speed

How fast something moves.

Direction

The path something moves.

Gravity

A force that pulls objects toward Earth.

Friction

A force that slows motion when surfaces rub together.

Magnet

A material that attracts iron or steel.

Energy

The ability to cause change or do work.

Mechanical Energy

Energy of moving objects.

Electrical Energy

Energy from moving electric charges.

Light Energy

Energy that travels as light.

Thermal Energy

Heat energy created by moving particles.

Sound Energy

Energy produced by vibrations.

Energy Transfer

When energy moves from one object to another.

Circuit

A complete path that electricity can travel through.

Battery

A device that stores electrical energy.

Reflection

When light bounces off a surface.

Refraction

The bending of light when it passes through something.

Absorb

To take in energy or light.

System

A group of parts working together.

Natural Resource

A material from Earth that people use.

Renewable Resource

A resource that can be replaced naturally.

Nonrenewable Resource

A resource that forms very slowly and can run out.

Conservation

Using resources wisely so they last longer.

Weather

The condition of the atmosphere at a certain time.

Water Cycle

The movement of water through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

Evaporation

Liquid water changing into water vapor.

Condensation

Water vapor cooling and turning into liquid.

Precipitation

Water falling from clouds.

Runoff

Water flowing over land after rain.

Landform

A natural feature on Earth's surface.

Weathering

The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces.

Erosion

The movement of soil or rock by wind, water, or ice.

Organism

A living thing.

Adaptation

A trait that helps an organism survive.

Habitat

The place where an organism lives.

Ecosystem

A community of organisms interacting with their environment.

Biotic Factor

Living parts of an ecosystem.

Abiotic Factor

Nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

Food Chain

The path energy takes as organisms eat each other.

Food Web

A group of connected food chains.

Producer

An organism that makes its own food.

Consumer

An organism that eats other organisms.

Decomposer

An organism that breaks down dead matter.

Energy Flow

The movement of energy through an ecosystem.

Environment

The surroundings where organisms live.

Structure

A body part that helps an organism survive.

Function

The job a structure does.