Internal Landmarks and Locations

A collection of flashcards focused on internal anatomical landmarks and their corresponding vertebral or superficial locations.

Aortic arch

$2.5\,cm$ below jugular notch

Aortic bifurcation

L4-L5

Carina

T4-T5, sternal angle

Carotid bifurcation

C4, near upper border of thyroid cartilage

Celiac trunk

$4\,cm$ above transpyloric plane

Circle of Willis

Suprasellar cistern

Common iliac vein bifurcation

Upper margin of sacroiliac joint

Conus medullaris

T12-L1, L2

Heart-apex

Fifth intercostal space, left midclavicular line

Heart-base

Level of second and third costal cartilages behind sternum

Inferior mesenteric artery

$4\,cm$ above bifurcation of abdominal aorta

Inferior vena cava

L5

Portal vein

Anterior to inferior vena cava, posterior to pancreatic neck

Renal arteries

Anterior to L1, inferior to superior mesenteric artery

Superior mesenteric artery

$2\,cm$ below celiac trunk, $2\,cm$ above transpyloric plane

Thyroid gland

Thyroid cartilage

Vocal cords

Midway between superior and inferior borders of thyroid cartilage