1/29
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
What are the 8 major phyla of fungi?
Microsporidia
Blastocladiomycota
Zygomycota
Neocallimastigomycota
Chytridiomycota
Glomeromycota
Basidiomycota
Ascomycota
Mycology
The study of fungi
Important Roles of Fungi
Fungi break down rocks and create soil
Plants couldn’t move on to land without soil created by fungi
plants and fungi have a symbiotic relationship
How do “alien” fungi target ants?
Fungi targets the ant’s brain chemistry once the pore that landed on the ant starts to grow and develop. This makes the ant climb really high, clamps onto the tree, and kills itself. This allows the fungi to grow out of the ant.
What are some distinctive fungal features?
single-celled or multicellular
cell walls made of chitin
some have dikaryon stage
heterotrophs that absorb nutrients (usually of dead organisms)
reproduce both sexually and asexually
Hyphae
Long, slender filaments in multicellular fungi
What are the two types of hyphae?
Septate hyphae and aseptate hyphae
What divides hyphae?
Septa
Septate Hyphae
Have internal cross walls called septa that divide them into individual cells containing one or more nuclei
Aseptate Hyphae
Lack septa, forming an elongated, multinucleated giant cell
True or False: You can have septate and aseptate in the same fungi
True
Mycelium
Mass of connected hyphae
Grows through and digests its substrate (typically underground)
Chitin
Makes up fungal cell walls
Also found in hard shells (exoskeletons) of arthropods
Hyphae may have more than one _____ per cell
Nuclei
Fungi cells are all 1n except the ___cells
sex
Monokaryotic
one haploid nucleus per cell
Dikaryotic
two haploid nuclei per cell
Homokaryotic
Nuclei are genetically similar to one another
Heterokaryotic
Nuclei from genetically distinct individuals
Sexual Reproduction
Fusion of two haploid hyphae of compatible mating types (+ and -)
Dikaryon Stage
When haploid nuclei don’t fuse immediately, only happens in fungi, referred to as n+n
Diploid Cell/ Zygote
When haploid nuclei fuse together
True or False: Interconnected hyphae cannot form reproductive structures
False
What is the most common means of reproduction in fungi?
Spores
How are spores produced?
Asexually and Sexually
Spore Development Process
Fungal spore germinates, forming a threadlike hypha
Hypha grows, branching frequently
Soon mycelium (whole ball of hyphae) infiltrates the food source
What are the 3 main categories of fungi?
Heterotrophs, Decomposers, and Parasites
Heterotrophs
Secrete digestive enzymes into food and then absorb digested materials (external digestion)
Decomposers
feed on dead and decaying wood, leaves, and other organic matter
break down cellulose (animals can’t) and lignin
Parasites
obtain nutrients at the expense of living plants and animals