U.S. History: Jeffersonian Democracy, War of 1812, and Judicial Nationalism

What was the Miami Confederacy's stance against American expansion?

They resisted Americans invading their lands.

Who supported the Miami Confederacy until Jay's Treaty?

The British.

Who was the chieftain of the Miami Confederacy?

Little Turtle.

What significant victories did the Miami Confederacy achieve against the U.S. army?

Victories in 1790 and 1791.

What battle led to the defeat of the Miami Confederacy?

The Battle of Fallen Timbers.

What was the Treaty of Greenville?

A treaty in 1795 where Native Americans gave up land in exchange for money and hunting rights.

What did Pinckney's Treaty accomplish?

It settled disputes with Spain, including border adjustments and free use of the Mississippi River.

What was a warning given in Washington's Farewell Address?

A warning against new political parties and alliances.

Who were the two main political parties in the Election of 1796?

Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.

Who won the Election of 1796?

John Adams.

What was the outcome of the XYZ Affair?

It led to major anti-French sentiment and an undeclared naval war.

What did the Alien Acts allow the President to do?

Imprison or deport citizens of other countries residing in the U.S.

What was the Sedition Act?

It allowed punishment for making false statements against the U.S. government.

What did the Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions argue?

That states had the right to judge the constitutionality of federal laws.

What was Gabriel Prosser's Rebellion?

A planned slave rebellion in 1800 that was suppressed.

What was significant about the Election of 1800?

It demonstrated a peaceful transfer of power between parties.

What was the 'Revolution of 1800'?

The peaceful transfer of power from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans.

What did Amendment XII change about presidential elections?

It stated that the vice president is no longer the runner-up in the election.

What was the significance of the case Marbury v. Madison?

It established the principle of judicial review.

Who was the Chief Justice during Marbury v. Madison?

John Marshall.

What did the 'Midnight Judges' refer to?

Federalist attempts to control the judicial branch before leaving office.

What did Jefferson do regarding the Judiciary Act of 1801?

He sought to rescind it.

What was the outcome of Marbury's lawsuit?

Marbury had the right to appointment, but the Supreme Court had no authority to enforce it.

What principle did the Supreme Court establish in Marbury v. Madison?

The final say on the constitutionality of a law.

What was the purpose of the Embargo Act of 1807?

To restrict American trade during the European War between France and Britain.

Who was the first U.S. president to be impeached?

Andrew Johnson.

What did Jefferson do regarding the military during his presidency?

He initially reduced the size of the military for ideological and financial reasons.

What was the Louisiana Purchase?

A land deal in 1803 where the U.S. acquired Louisiana territory from France for $15 million.

Who was the controversial vice president involved in a duel with Alexander Hamilton?

Aaron Burr.

What was the outcome of the War of 1812?

It ended in a stalemate with no territory gained or lost.

What did the Treaty of Ghent signify?

It was an armistice that ended the War of 1812.

What was the significance of the Battle of New Orleans?

It was a major U.S. victory that made Andrew Jackson a national hero.

What was the Hartford Convention?

A meeting of Federalists opposing the War of 1812, proposing amendments to increase New England's power.

What was the Missouri Compromise?

An agreement that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, establishing a line for future states.

Who was Chief Justice during the early 19th century known for supporting loose construction?

John Marshall.

What was the significance of McCulloch v. Maryland?

It upheld the implied powers of the Constitution and ruled that Maryland's tax on the Bank of the United States was unconstitutional.

What was the main goal of Henry Clay's American System?

To unite the country economically and politically through a strong banking system, protective tariffs, and internal improvements.

What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution in New England?

It led to the establishment of factories and increased manufacturing due to poor soil and abundant capital.

What was the role of Eli Whitney in the Industrial Revolution?

He invented the cotton gin and promoted interchangeable parts.

What did the War Hawks advocate for?

They pushed for war against Britain and Native American tribes.

What was the outcome of the election of 1808?

James Madison won, marking a continuation of the Democratic-Republican dominance.

What was the significance of the Battle of Tippecanoe?

It was a conflict between American forces and Native Americans led by Tecumseh, leading to increased tensions.

What did the Tariff of 1816 aim to achieve?

It aimed to protect American industries by imposing tariffs on imports.

What was the 'Era of Good Feelings'?

A period of political unity and national pride following the War of 1812.

What was the main issue surrounding slavery and western expansion?

The status of slavery in new states admitted to the Union.

What was the significance of the impressment of American sailors?

It was a major grievance leading to the War of 1812.

What did the term 'status quo ante bellum' refer to in the Treaty of Ghent?

It meant that conditions would return to what they were before the war.

What was the impact of the burning of Washington in 1814?

It symbolized the vulnerability of the U.S. and rallied American resolve.

Who wrote 'The Star-Spangled Banner'?

Francis Scott Key.

What was the main consequence of the Federalists' opposition to the War of 1812?

It led to the decline and eventual collapse of the Federalist Party.