TLM Chap 7 Urinary System

The Language of medicine Chapter 7 Urinary Systems

albumin/o

albumin (a protein in the blood)

angi/o

vessel (blood)

azot/o

nitrogen

cali/o, calic/o

calyx (calix); cup shaped collecting region of the renal pelvis

cyst/o

urinary bladder

dips/o

thirst

glomerul/o

glomerulus tiny balls of capillaries in the kidney

isch/o

hold back; back

kal/o

potassium

ket/o, keton/o

ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone)

lith/o

stone

meat/o

meatus external opening

natr/o

sodium

necr/o

death

noct/o

night

olig/o

scanty

pyel/o

renal pelvis

trigon/o

trigone (triangular area in region of the bladder)

vesic/o

urinary bladder

-esis

action; condition; state of

-lithiasis

condition of stone

-lithotomy

incision (for removal) of a stone

-poietin

substance that forms

-tripsy

crushing

-uria

urination; urine condition

Voiding

Urination; micturition

renal cortex

out section of the kidney

renal medulla

inner region of the kidney

urea

Nitrogenous waste

erythropoietin

Hormone secreted by the kidney that stimulates formation of red blood cells

renin

Enzyme made by the kidney; increases blood

electrolyte

small molecule that carries an electric charge in solution

hilum

Notch on the surface of the kidney where blood vessels and nerves enter

Uremia

toxic condition of excess urea (nitrogenous waste) in the bloodstream

Diuresis

excessive production of urine (polyuria)

Antidiuretic hormone

hormone produced by the pituitary gland that normally helps the renal tubules to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream

PKU

Phenylketonuria, when there are high levels of phenylketones in urine

essential hypertension

Idiopathic high blood pressure

edema

swelling, fluid in tissues

stricture

narrowed area in a tube

abscess

collection of pus

diabetes mellitus

inadequate secretion of insulin or improper utilization of insulin

secondary hypertension

high blood pressure caused by kidney disease or another disease

catheter

tube for withdrawing or giving fluid

diabetes insipidus

inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone

renal colic

severe pain resulting from a stone that is blocking a ureter or kidney