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These flashcards cover essential concepts, definitions, and challenging questions related to personality psychology as discussed in the lecture.
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What is personality?
Personality is an individual’s characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior, along with the psychological mechanisms behind these patterns.
What are the four main types of personality data?
Behavioral data, Life Outcome data, Informant-report data, Self-report data.
What does the Trait Approach focus on in personality psychology?
The Trait Approach focuses on individual differences in personality.
What is a major challenge in personality psychology?
Much of an individual's essence lies below the surface of what we can objectively see.
What is the Electronic Activated Recorder (EAR)?
A method used to gather behavioral data by recording real-world interactions and behaviors.
Why might self-report data (S-data) be biased?
Participants may be reluctant to admit negative traits, leading to distortion in their self-assessments.
What is the Barnum Effect in personality assessments?
The tendency for people to accept vague, general statements as personally meaningful.
What are some non-scientific methods of personality assessment?
Astrology, physiognomy, phrenology, and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).
How do informant-reports (I-data) contribute to personality assessments?
They provide descriptions of personality traits from acquaintances such as parents, friends, and partners.
What is the advantage of using Life Outcome data (L-data)?
L-data provides information based on significant life events, activities, and outcomes associated with a person.