Studied by 0 people
Germany 1918-1945
What land was lost to France?
Alsace and Lorraine
What land was lost to Belgium?
Eupen and Malmedy
What land was lost to Poland?
Posen and West Prussia
Which part of Germany voted to become part of Poland?
Upper Silesia
Which part of Germany voted to become part of Denmark?
Northern Schleswig
What German port was made to become an international city, which was no longer governed by Germany?
Danzig
How much of Germany’s European territory was lost?
13%
How much of Germany’s iron reserves were lost?
50%
How many colonies did Germany have in Africa that were taken away as ‘mandates’?
11
When was the invasion of the Ruhr?
January 1923
What was produced at the Ruhr?
Coal, iron and steel
What did the government encourage German workers to do as they could not take military action?
Passive resistance
What happened as one of the consequences of the invasion of the Ruhr?
Hyperinflation
How did the hyperinflation crisis start?
The government had started to print off more money during the First World War, to pay for the cost of the war. After the war, it printed even more money so that they could pay the reparations (£6,000 million) demanded by the Treaty of Versailles. After the invasion of the Ruhr, it was forced to print more money to pay the striking workers.
How many marks did it cost to buy a loaf of bread in Dec 1918?
0.54 marks
How much did it cost to buy a loaf of bread in Nov 1923?
201,000,000,000 marks
The effects of the hyperinflation crisis were:
Forced millions of Germans into poverty (especially middle class Germans)
Pensioners were effected badly as their savings became worthless
The poor benefitted as they could easily pay of their mortgages
People who owned land or buildings were protected as the value of the possessions increased
Most farmers benefitted as the food could be sold at higher prices
Dawes Plan 1924:
Germany was loaned 800 million gold marks
Reparation payments were lowered to 1,000 million marks for the first 5 years
The Allies agreed to review the payment over time, to take account of Germany’s situation and ability to pay.
The French agreed to withdraw troops from the Ruhr
The Allies were given some power in Reichsbank and the railways in Germany
The Locarno Pact 1925
In 1925 Germany signed the Locarno Pact in Switzerland
It involved Germany, Poland, France, Belgium, Italy, Britain and Czechoslovakia
Germany accepted its new western borders, and all the countries accepted not to use military force except in self-defence
Germany agreed that Alsace-Lorraine would be French. In return, the French would not invade the Ruhr again
Improved relations between Germany and other countries
What is the period between 1925-1929 sometimes referred to?
The ‘Locarno Honeymoon’
