Chapter 15

Minimally Invasive Applications (MIS)

Endoscopy

The visual examination of interior body structures using an endoscope.

Operative Endoscopy

Allows a surgeon to perform surgery while viewing inside a closed body cavity through small incisions or through a natural body orifice.

Diagnostic Endoscopy

Used to view internal organs or obtain a small biopsy of tissue.

Rigid Endoscope

A metal tube with intricate lens systems used for visualization in minimally invasive procedures.

Flexible Endoscope

A type of endoscope that can bend up to 180° and has suction, irrigation, and working channels.

Insufflation

The process of introducing gas, often CO2, into the abdominal cavity to create space for surgical procedures.

Trocar

A surgical instrument with an outer sheath and inner obturator, used for accessing body cavities.

Pneumoperitoneum

A collection of air or gas within the peritoneal cavity, often created during laparoscopic procedures.

Interventional Radiology

A rapidly growing area specializing in minimally invasive procedures using imaging guidance.

Telesurgery

Performing a surgical procedure in real time at a distance by remotely controlling robotic arms.

Robotic Surgery

A surgery that uses robotic systems to enhance precision, flexibility, and control in minimally invasive procedures.

Dosimeter

A device that measures the dose uptake of ionizing radiation to monitor radiation exposure in surgical procedures.

Fiberscope

An endoscope that uses flexible fibers to transmit light and images from inside the body.

Camera Head

The sterile component of an operative endoscopy set that captures images for viewing by the surgical team.

White Balance

The process of adjusting color settings on a camera to accurately reflect anatomical structures.

Augmented Intelligence

Technological enhancements in robotics that improve surgical outcomes through machine learning and perception.

FRED (Fog Reduction Elimination Device)

A device used to prevent fogging of endoscope lenses during surgery.