Industrial revolution, age of imperialism final study guide

centered in Great Britain between 1750 and the mid-1800s, this period marked a change in production, as mass producing mills (factories) replaced individually producing goods at home, or the cottage industry, also, urbanization occurred at a high level

Industrial revolution

the political, cultural, and economic domination of one country over its colonial possession; also, a cause of World War I

imperialism

the basis for capitalism, an economic theory that supports a free-market, or free-trade, system (private business) with no goverment regulations; "hands-off"

laissez faire

due to various factors, this country was the origin and center of the Industrial Revolution between 1750 and the mid-1800s

Great Britain

Scottish-born doctor and missionary who explored Central Africa between the 1850s and 1870s; by 1869, his disappearance in the interior of Africa would lead to the greatest story of the time period

David Livingstone

as the "Jewel of the British Empire," this colony exemplified British economic and political success as a colonial empire during the Age of Imperialism of the 1800s

India

event that predated the Industrial Revolution during the 1600s and 1700s, which improved farming methods, including enclosure, and resulted in people living longer lives and increased population

Agricultural Revolution

economic theory where the people as a whole own and operate the industries; no private business existed, no classes existed, and there was no rich or poor

Communism

author of the Communist Manifesto of 1848, in which he urged the proletariat, or working class, to unite and begin a communist revolution and overthrow the bourgeoisie, to create a classless society

Karl Marx

term used to identify someone who possesses a savvy business mind; successful due to the opportunities available during the Industrial Revolution, including opening their own businesses, including factories (mills)

Entrepreneur

Great Britain's monarch when the "Sun Never Set" on her British Empire of the 1800s

Queen Victoria

term use to identify the countries of Europe, and the United States, which established colonies in the nonwester world during the late-1800s, due to the decline of nonwestern empires (including Ottoman Empire and India), along with the its technology from the Industrial Revolution

The west

during 1834 European powers established the official rules here for creating African colonies; by the 1900s, almost all of Africa was colonized by Europe

Berlin Conference

by the mid-1800s, European colonies had been limited to this nonwestern continent's coastal region, due to diseases and the lack of transportation into the interior

Africa

became China's emperor at the age of three in 1908; by 1911, he was China's last emperor, as China became a republic

Pu Yi

Scottish economist who published The Wealth of Nations during 1776; supported laissez-faire economics

Adam Smith

belief that western nations were the most fit, or strongest, and thereby, justified in colonizing in the non-western world, "survival of the fittest"

Social Darwinism

during the carly 1800s, this warrior chief organized the Zulu tribe into a formidable power in souther Africa; after his death, his tribe was eventually conquered by the British

Shaka Zulu

this event began during 1857, after native-born Indian soldiers refused to follow orders from British officers due to their religious beliefs, as a result, India became a royal colony

Sepoy Rebellion

angered by British merchants' refusal to respect China's drug laws, China destroyed supplies of this illegal drug and attacked British ships which began this event that resulted in a Chinese defeat during 1842

Opium war

Dutch farmers who colonized southern Africa during the 1600s; defeated by the British between 1899 and 1902

Boers

Welsh-born explorer and journalist, who located his man during 1871, and as a result, had his story; while exploring Africa, he acquired a reputation for violence

Henry Stanley

before Great Britain acquired this port city in 1842, it was a fishing village, by the late-1900s, it one of the most influential financial centers in the world

Hong Kong

due to the new economic opportunities afforded to them, this social class benefited the greatest financially from the Industrial Revolution

Middle class