Skeletal System- Bones and Bone Tissue

In hyaline cartilage, the cells that produce

new matrix are called this:

chondroblast

Chondrocytes receive nutrients in this

manner:

diffusion through matrix

The flexible strength of bone is attributed

to this:

collagen fibers

Osteochondral progenitor cell give rise to

these

osteoblasts and chondroblasts

Nutrients travel to osteocytes in this order:

1. blood vessels in the medullary cavity

2. central canal

3. canaliculi

4. perforating (Volkmann’s) canals

5. cytoplasm of the osteocytes

true/false

false

Endochondral ossification begins at this time

during fetal development

Bones produced by intramembranous or

endochondral ossification are

indistinguishable because both initially

produce woven bone which is then

remodeled

True

This can be said of intramembranous

ossification:

a. it forms the frontal and parietal bones

b. fontanels are found between skull bones

c. osteoblasts lay down matrix around

collagen fibers

d. all of these

all of these

In this zone of the epiphyseal plate, new

cartilage is produced as the chondrocytes

divide and form stacks of cells

proliferation

Growth in bone width occurs in this order:

1. osteoblasts lay down bone to form

ridges with grooves in between

2. grooves are changed into tunnels

3. concentric lamellae are made

4. an osteon is produced.

true/false

true

When a fracture is healing, these cells

move into the fracture site and tear down

the damaged bone:

osteoclasts

Bone remodeling is involved in this:

a. bone growth

b. changes in bone shape

c. calcium regulation isn the body

d. bone repair

e. all of these

all of these

The definition of bone remodeling is the

construction of bone around blood vessels

forming an osteon

true/false

false

This process of bone repair requires the

longest amount of time

bone remodeling

If a fracture occurs in the diaphysis of a

long bone, the structure that forms

between the ends of the bone as well as

the medullary cavity is called this:

internal callus

These kinds of fractures are complete

fractures in which the bone breaks into

multiple pieces:

comminuted

This kind of tissue has many small spaces,

is found mainly in the epiphysis, and is

arranged into trabeculae:

cancellous (spongy) bone

This hormone, which is secreted by the

anterior pituitary, increases bone growth

by stimulating interstitial cartilage growth

and appositional bone growth:

growth

Vitamin C deficiency causes this disorder

which is characterized by ulcerations,

hemorrhage and poor wound healing:

scurvy

This hormone stimulates an increased

number of osteoclasts which increases

blood calcium levels

parathyroid (PTH)

These are all bone shapes except:

a. long bone

b. irregular bone

c. regular bone

d. short bone

e. flat bone

regular bone

These bones are classified as irregular:

vertebrae and sphenoid

The growing zone of a bone is known as

this

epiphyseal plate

This best describes the function of red

bone marrow:

produces blood cells

This structure covers the outer surface of

bones and serves as an attachment site

for tendons and ligaments:

periosteum

These kind of bones can contain air filled

sinuses which are lined with mucous

membranes:

irregular and flat