ANATOMY OF SENSES: EYES

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90 Terms

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photoreceptors

used by eyes to detect light

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III, IV, VI

which cranial nerves stimulate the rectus and oblique muscles to move the eye?

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sclera, urea, and retina

layers of the wall of the eye

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Orbital Region

region of the eye that is protected by surrounding bones, supported by connective tissues, and cushioned by fatty tissues behind the eyes

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Pupil

A.

<p>A.</p>
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Upper Eyelid

B.

<p>B.</p>
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Iris

C.

<p>C.</p>
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Sclera

D.

<p>D.</p>
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Lower Eyelid

E.

<p>E. </p>
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Eyebrow

F.

<p>F.</p>
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Eyelashes

G.

<p>G.</p>
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Tarsal Plate

H.

<p>H.</p>
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Eyelid

keep the eyes moist by spreading tears and mucus; lubricates when blinking

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Eyelashes

keep out airborne particles and protect from excessive light

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Eyebrows

shield eyes from overhead light and sweat

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Lacrimal gland and ducts

organs responsible for tear production

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Lacrimal Gland

organs that produces tears

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Lacrimal Ducts

organs that carry tears to eye surface

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moist

TEAR FUNCTIONS:

  1. Keep eyes __________.

  2. Wash away _________.

  3. Contain __________ to reduce infection chances.

1 = ?

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foreign particles

TEAR FUNCTIONS:

  1. Keep eyes __________.

  2. Wash away _________.

  3. Contain __________ to reduce infection chances.

2 = ?

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lysozyme

TEAR FUNCTIONS:

  1. Keep eyes __________.

  2. Wash away _________.

  3. Contain __________ to reduce infection chances.

3 = ?

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Lacrimal Gland

A.

<p>A.</p>
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Lacrimal Canals

B.

<p>B.</p>
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Lacrimal Sac

C.

<p>C.</p>
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Nasolacrimal duct

D.

<p>D.</p>
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Ducts

E.

<p>E.</p>
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Lacrimal punctum

F.

<p>F.</p>
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Nostril

G.

<p>G.</p>
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six

____________ muscles that originate on the back of the eye orbit and insert on the eyeball which function as a coordinated group to enable eye movement.

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frontal bone

A.

<p>A.</p>
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Orbicularis oculi muscle

B.

<p>B.</p>
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superior rectus muscle

C.

<p>C.</p>
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tarsal plate

D.

<p>D.</p>
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Tarsal glands

E.

<p>E.</p>
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cornea

F.

<p>F.</p>
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conjunctiva

G.

<p>G.</p>
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lateral rectus muscle

H.

<p>H.</p>
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Inferior Rectus Muscle

I.

<p>I.</p>
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trochlea

A.

<p>A.</p>
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Superior oblique

B.

<p>B.</p>
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Superior rectus

C.

<p>C.</p>
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Lateral rectus

D.

<p>D.</p>
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inferior oblique

E.

<p>E.</p>
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Inferior rectus

F.

<p>F.</p>
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Superior Rectus Muscle

A.

<p>A.</p>
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Medial Rectus Muscle

B.

<p>B.</p>
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Inferior Rectus Muscle

C.

<p>C. </p>
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Inferior Oblique Muscle

D.

<p>D.</p>
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Oculomotor Nerve (III)

E.

<p>E.</p>
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superior oblique muscle

F.

<p>F.</p>
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Trochlear Nerve (IV)

G.

<p>G.</p>
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Lateral Rectus Muscle

H.

<p>H.</p>
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Abducens Nerve (VI)

I.

<p>I.</p>
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2.5 cm

The eyeball is hollow and spherical, roughly __________ in diameter.

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Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Body

interior spaces of the eyeball are filled with fluids known as ______________________ to support and maintain eye shape.

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anterior and posterior chamber

interior spaces that are filled with aqueous humor

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vitreous chamber

interior spaces that are filled with vitreous humor/body

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Conjunctiva

A.

<p>A.</p>
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Cornea

B.

<p>B.</p>
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Anterior Chamber

C.

<p>C.</p>
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Posterior Chamber

D.

<p>D. </p>
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Pupil

E.

<p>E.</p>
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Lens

F.

<p>F.</p>
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Iris

G.

<p>G.</p>
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Suspensory ligaments

H.

<p>H. </p>
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ciliary body

I.

<p>I.</p>
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Vitreous Chamber

J.

<p>J.</p>
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Central Retinal Artery and Vein

K.

<p>K.</p>
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Optic Nerve

L.

<p>L.</p>
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Vitreous Humor

M.

<p>M.</p>
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Retina

N.

<p>N.</p>
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Choroid Layer

O.

<p>O.</p>
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Sclera

P.

<p>P.</p>
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Sclera

tough, fibrous, opaque, white portion of the eye that provides protection for delicate internal portions of eye and optic nerve

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Cornea

anterior, convex, clear window of the eye which bends light rays as they pass through it

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Choroid Coat

PART OF THE UVEA:

  • has large blood vessels to nourish the eye

  • has melanin to prevent backscattering of light

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Ciliary Body

PART OF THE UVEA:

  • has ciliary muscles that surround the lens

  • can change shape of lens

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Suspensory Ligaments

PART OF THE UVEA:

  • found between the ciliary body and lens which hold the lens in place

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Iris

PART OF THE UVEA:

  • colored portion of the eye

  • controls the amount of light entering the eye by controlling the size of the pupil

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Pupil

PART OF THE UVEA:

  • opening in the center of the iris that allows light to pass into the eye

  • constricted = bright light

  • dilated = dim light

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Retina

lines the interior of the eye posterior to the ciliary body

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Rods

  • located at the retina for black and white vision

  • sensitive only to presence of light

  • least concentrated at the fovea centralis

  • density increases with distance from fovea

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Cones

  • located at the retina for color vision

  • requires bright light to function

  • most concentrated at the fovea centralis

  • density decreases with distance from the fovea

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Macula lutea

A.

<p>A.</p>
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Fovea centralis

B.

<p>B.</p>
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Artery

C.

<p>C.</p>
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Veins

D.

<p>D.</p>
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Optic disk

E.

<p>E.</p>
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Optic Disc

  • blood vessels enter and exit the eye

  • axons exit the eye

  • no receptor cells = blind spot

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Macula Lutea

  • yellowish disc on the retina

  • contains fovea centralis (contains only cones, area of sharpest vision)