Cold and Cough Agents

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to cold and cough agents, including definitions and classifications.

Cold

A viral infection characterized by symptoms such as sneezing, coughing, and nasal congestion.

Influenza

A viral infection with symptoms like high fever, chills, and severe fatigue.

Sympathomimetics

Agents that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing effects like vasoconstriction for decongestion.

Antihistamines

Agents that block histamine receptors, reducing symptoms like sneezing and nasal congestion.

Expectorants

Medications that help to remove mucus from the lower respiratory tract.

Antitussives

Agents that suppress the cough reflex, used for dry, hacking coughs.

Vasoconstriction

The narrowing of blood vessels, which can alleviate nasal congestion.

H1 receptors

Receptors involved in allergic reactions and inflammation found in nerve endings, smooth muscle, and glandular cells.

First-generation antihistamines

Older antihistamines that can penetrate the central nervous system, often causing drowsiness.

Mucolytic expectorants

Drugs that change the consistency of mucus, making it easier to expel.

Narcotics,

Medications such as codeine that can suppress severe coughing.

Rebound congestion

A worsening of nasal congestion due to the overuse of topical decongestants.

Drying agents

Substances used to reduce mucus production and alleviate symptoms of rhinitis.

Ipratropium bromide

A nasal spray alternative to antihistamines for treating rhinorrhea.

Dextromethorphan

A non-narcotic cough suppressant used to relieve dry cough.

Guaifenesin

An expectorant that increases mucus production to help clear airway congestion.

Bronchitis

An inflammation of the bronchial tubes often treated with expectorants.