anatomy test 1

sternal, costal, and vertebral attachment

3 parts of muscular diaphragm

sternal attachement, xiphoid process

anterior attachment of the diaphragm is at ________

inner border of ribs (7-12) and costal cartilage

lateral attachment of diaphragm to xiphoid process, attaches to _________________

vertebral attachement, left and right crus

posterior attachment of the diaphragm: corpus of L1-L4, attaches to ____________

Esophageal hiatus

opening in the diaphragm

External intercostals

Anterior thoracic muscle of inspiration, originates in lower surface of each rib

Levator costarum brevis

Posterior thoracic muscles of inspiration, 12 pair, transverse process of C7-C11. Lies deep to serratus posterior and interior.

Levator costarum longus

Originate on the transvere process of T7-T11. Bypass rib below point of origin to insert into next rib.

serratus posterior superior

from spinous process of C7-T2 or T3

posterior thoracic muscle of inspiration:

Sternocleidomastoid

origin on the mastoid process of the temporal bone

Insert sternum (sternal head) and clavicle (clavicular head)

Superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Scalenes posterior

Origin: Transverse process: C5-C7

Insert: RIb 2

Pectoralis Major

Larger upper chest muscle, fan-shaped, originates from sternum and clavicle

Pectoralis Minor

Originates ribes 2-5, inter scapula, is deep to major

Serratus Anterior

Fans down and around chest

Arise from Ribs 1-9 to scapula

Subclavius

originate from 1st rib

Insets to lower surface of clavicle

Stabilizes clavicle and sternoclavicular joint during arm and shoulder movement

Levator Scapulae

Originates from C1-C4

Inserts scapula medial border

Lies deep to trapezius

rhomboideus major and minor

Deep to the trapezius

Trapezius

C2-T2

most superficial muscle of the back

Internal Intercostals

between the ribs

depress ribs 1-11 helps during forced expiration

insert to superior border of rib immediate below

Transversus Thoracic

Origin: xiphoid process and sternum

Cartilage of ribs 2-6, accessory muscle

Inner surface of posterior thoracic wall

Subcostals

Internal surface of lower ribs

support thoracic cage

Serratus Posterior Inferior

From T11, T12, L1, L2

Inserts ribs 9-12

acessory muscles

Latissimus Dorsi

Stablizes posterior abdominal wall for expiration

Widest muscle of the body and covers many of the posterior back muscles in this area execpt the trapezius

Quadratus Lumborum

Located in dorsal aspect of abdominal wall

Starts at iliac crest

Ataches to the spine and 12th rib

Transversus abdominis

deepest of 3 lateral abdominal muscles

Linea alba

landmark between the rectus abdominis

Internal oblique

Between transverses abdominis and external oblique

Compress contents of thoracic cavity

External oblique

largest and most superficial of ab muscles

Borders of R5-R12

Inserts at lliac crest and abdominal aponeurosis

rectus abdominis

Large vertebral muscle

to xiphoid process of sternum

Pulls sternum down

External intercostal and Levator costumes (brevis and longus)

Acessory muscles

Xiphoid process

point of attachment of sternum for the rib and clavicle

Sternal

Costal

Verterbral

3 diaphragm attachment points

axis

Another term for C2

Atlas

another term for C1

diaphragm

greek for barrier or partition

manubrium

latin for handle

corpus

latin for body

clavicle

latin for little key

alba

latin for white line

frontal

section that divides the body into front and back halves

superficial

confined to the surface

inferior

to the ground

peripheral

away from center

medial

toward the midline

Levator Costrum Blevis

12 pairs that insert into the rib below

Quadratus Lumborum

Dorsal aspect of the abdominal wall, fan up into the transverse process of vertebrae

serratus posterior superior

Spinous process of C7 to T1 to T3, elevate the ribs

Scapula and Clavicle

Makes up the pectoral girdle

7

# of true ribs

2

# of floating ribs

12

# of thoracic vertebrae

5

# of sacral vertebral fused together

illum, sacrum, coccyx, pubic bone, ischium

Makes up the pelvic girdle

increases

when the diaphragm contracts the volume of the thoracic cavity ________

decreases

when the diaphragm contracts the volume of the abdominal cavity __________

fascia

a sheetlike membrane surrounding organs

synovial

highly mobile joint lubricated with fluid

origin

point of attachment that is immobile when a muscle contracts

Anatomy

the study of structure of an organism

tendons

attach muscle to bone or to cartilage

physiology

the funtion of a structure

insertion

point of attachment of muscle that is mobile when contracted

ligaments

connective tissue that is elastic