Chapter 13 30 year War 1618-1648, the peace of Westphalia (1648), and the 30 Years War 1733-1763

Peace of Augsburg

A treaty in 1555 that temporarily settled the religious conflict in the German states, recognizing only Lutherans and Roman Catholics.

Calvinism

A branch of Protestantism that made gains in a number of German states and demanded recognition of their rights during the Thirty Years' War.

Defenestration of Prague

The incident in 1618 where Bohemian Calvinist rebels threw two Catholic members of the Bohemian royal council from a window, sparking the start of the Thirty Years' War.

Battle of White Mountain

A battle near Prague in 1620 where the forces of Emperor Ferdinand II defeated the forces of Frederick V, leading to a Hapsburg and Catholic victory in the Bohemian phase of the war.

Danish Period

The period of the Thirty Years' War from 1625 to 1629 where King Christian IV of Denmark supported the Protestants against Emperor Ferdinand II.

Treaty of Lubeck

A treaty in 1629 that restored Holstein to King Christian IV of Denmark, but also pledged that Denmark would not intervene further in German affairs.

Swedish Period

The period of the Thirty Years' War from 1630 to 1635 where King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden joined the conflict and fought against the Catholic Hapsburgs.

Battle of Lutzen

A battle in 1632 where the Swedes defeated Wallenstein, but King Gustavus Adolphus was killed in the fighting.

Treaty of Prague (1635)

A treaty that generally strengthened the Hapsburgs and weakened the power of the German princes, ending the Swedish period of the war.

Peace of Westphalia

The treaty in 1648 that ended the Thirty Years' War, recognized the independence of the Dutch Republic and Switzerland, and expanded religious rights to include Calvinists.

War of Polish Succession

The first war of the Thirty Years' War from 1733 to 1739, fought over Polish succession but ended with