Lab 8 Study Guide: Eukaryotic Supergroup Opisthokonta

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to the Eukaryotic Supergroup Opisthokonta and the characteristics of various animal phyla discussed in the lab study guide.

Eukarya

Domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms.

Opisthokonta

A supergroup within the domain Eukarya that includes animals and fungi.

Bilateral symmetry

A symmetrical body plan where the left and right halves are mirror images.

Cephalization

The concentration of sensory organs and nervous tissue at the anterior end of an organism.

Diploblastic

Organisms with two tissue layers: ectoderm and endoderm.

Triploblastic

Organisms with three tissue layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Protostomes

Organisms that develop the mouth first during embryonic development.

Deuterostomes

Organisms that develop the anus first during embryonic development.

Eucoelomate

Organisms with a true coelom completely lined with mesoderm.

Pseudocoelomate

Organisms with a pseudocoelom partially lined with mesoderm.

Acoelomate

Organisms that lack a coelom, having body tissues filled with mesoderm.

Ecdysozoans

A clade of animals that grow by molting their exoskeleton.

Phylum Nematoda

Phylum of small worms known as roundworms, characterized by a pseudocoelom.

Amphids

Paired sensory organs found in nematodes.

Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum characterized by exoskeletons made of chitin and segmented bodies.

Subphylum Chelicerata

Subphylum within Arthropoda that includes spiders and scorpions.

Cephalothorax

The fused head and thorax found in chelicerates.

Class Arachnida

Class within Chelicerata that includes spiders and scorpions.

Book lungs

Specialized respiratory structures found in terrestrial arachnids.

Class Merostomata

Class that includes horseshoe crabs, known as living fossils.

Subphylum Myriapoda

Subphylum that includes organisms with many legs, like millipedes and centipedes.

Class Diplopoda

Class of myriapods known as millipedes, characterized by two pairs of legs per segment.

Class Chilopoda

Class of myriapods known as centipedes, characterized by one pair of legs per segment.

Subphylum Hexapoda

Subphylum that includes insects with three pairs of legs.

Class Insecta

The largest class within Hexapoda, encompassing all insects.

Spiracles

Holes in the exoskeleton of insects used for gas exchange.

Complete metamorphosis

Developmental process where larvae undergo drastic changes to become adults.

Incomplete metamorphosis

Developmental process where larvae resemble miniature adults and do not have wings.

Subphylum Crustacea

Subphylum that includes crabs, lobsters, and shrimp.

Carapace

Protective shield covering the cephalothorax of crustaceans.

Nauplius

Larval stage in crustaceans that is free-swimming.

Class Malacostraca

Class of crustaceans that includes crabs and lobsters.

Class Cirripedia

Class of barnacles that are sessile as adults.