Political Revolutions Unit Test

How did the Napoleonic Code affect women's rights in France?

The Napoleonic Code reduced rights for women, limiting their legal status and independence.

Where was the Enlightenment primarily centered?

The Enlightenment was primarily centered in Paris

What idea is John Locke most associated with advocating?

John Locke is known for advocating natural rights, including life, liberty, and property

Who held the majority of political power in Colonial Latin America?

Peninsulares held the majority of power in Colonial Latin America.

Which revolution is considered the only successful slave rebellion in world history?

The Haitian Revolution is considered the only successful slave rebellion.

What form of government was established in the United States after the American Revolution?

The United States established a republic, not a constitutional monarchy.

Who were the primary targets during the Reign of Terror in France, and were any other groups affected?

While nobles and clergy were the primary targets, peasants and revolutionary leaders were also affected.

What was the main issue that led to the American Revolution?

The American Revolution was primarily fought over taxation without representation.

What was Thomas Hobbes' view on human nature and the role of government?

Thomas Hobbes believed humans were naturally selfish and needed a strong government to maintain order.

What was the central focus of the Enlightenment movement?

Reason, science, and the rights of individuals.

John Locke believed that governments should:

Be based on a social contract with the right to revolt.

Which thinker is credited with the idea of dividing government powers to avoid tyranny?

Montesquieu.

Enlightenment salons were primarily intended for:

Discussing new ideas in philosophy and science.

Whose ideas about natural rights and government greatly influenced the American Revolution?

John Locke.

Define Absolute Monarchy

A government in which the monarch has complete authority.

Why did the Third Estate establish the National Assembly during the French Revolution?

They sought fair representation after being excluded from the Estates-General.

How was France's tax system structured before the French Revolution?

The Third Estate bore almost all the tax burden.

Approximately what proportion of France’s population was part of the Third Estate?

98%.

The Reign of Terror is best remembered for:

Mass executions and widespread fear

The Tennis Court Oath was a promise to

Continue meeting until a national constitution is accepted

What marked the beginning of the French Revolution?

The storming of the Bastille.

Who was the head of the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror?

Maximilien Robespierre

The sans-culottes were

Radical working-class revolutionaries demanding more reforms

The Napoleonic Code is most remembered for:

Overhauling and reforming France’s legal system.

Enlightened Despots were rulers who:

Held onto absolute power but adopted some Enlightenment principles.

Which philosopher believed humans were naturally selfish and required a strong governing authority?

Thomas Hobbes.

The Law of Suspects during the Reign of Terror allowed for:

The arrest and execution of anyone suspected of opposing the Revolution

Napoleon faced a devastating defeat when he attempted to invade:

Russia

Who was known for liberating much of South America from Spanish rule?

Simon Bolivar

Which social class led most of the independence movements in Latin America?

Creoles

Simon Bolivar’s vision for Gran Colombia was to:

Unite several countries to create a stable and resource-sharing nation.

Define Nationalism

The belief that people with a common culture, language, and history should form their own nation

How did the Haitian Revolution impact other independence movements in Latin America?

It created both fear of slave uprisings and hope that colonial rule could be overthrown.