Applied Physio Lecture 24 (exam 3)

These flashcards focus on key vocabulary related to the cardiovascular system, including definitions and key concepts to aid in understanding the subject.

Cardiovascular System

A system composed of the heart (pump), blood vessels (distributers), and blood (transport)

Heart

The pump of the cardiovascular system that circulates blood throughout the body.

Vasculature

The network of blood vessels that distribute blood.

Blood

The fluid that transports gases, nutrients, waste products, immune responses and heat.

Pulmonary System

The part of the cardiovascular system that carries deoxygenated blood from the right heart to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood to the left heart.

Systemic System

The part of the cardiovascular system that carries oxygenated blood from the left heart through the aorta and to the body

Poiseuille’s Law

Governs steady state laminar flow in narrow tubes

Qv = ((πΔP a^4) / (8ηL) )(deltaP/ deltaX)

Compliance

The ability of a vessel to expand or contract in response to changes in pressure.

DeltaP (pressure) = Delta V (volume)/ C (compliance)

Viscosity

A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow, important for blood flow dynamics.

Hematocrit

The fraction of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells.

Height of RBCs/Total height —> usually packed red blood cells = 45%

Waste Products in Blood

Includes CO2, urea, ammonia, and lactic acid among others.

Nutrients in Blood

Includes glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals transported by blood.

Formed elements in blood

Components of blood that include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Vascular Pressure

The pressure required to drive blood flow through the vascular system.

Arteries

Carry blood away from the heart, high pressure, oxygenated

Capillaries

max exchange of O2 and CO2, nutrients and waste

veins

carry blood to the heart, low pressure, deoxygenated

why do you need circulation in the cardiovascular system?

Diffusion to and from the environment is too slow

Diffusion Coefficient

1.8 × 10^-5 cm²/s

Diffusion Equation

X² = 2D (delta)t

R equation

(8n deltaX)/Pi a^4