Forensic Toxicology—Postmortem & Human Performance (copy)

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
GameKnowt Play
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/31

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

32 Terms

1
New cards

Postmortem Toxicology

Investigation of drugs, gases, metals, or other toxic chemicals in a decedent to determine contribution to death.

2
New cards

Human-Performance Toxicology

Toxicology focusing on living subjects to assess performance and behavioral impact of substances.

3
New cards

Case History Gathering

Elements collected before laboratory work including age, sex, weight, medical history, and medications.

4
New cards

Specimen Collection During Autopsy

Collection of multiple organs and fluids to analyze drug concentration, such as brain, liver, and blood.

5
New cards

Vitreous Humor

A fluid that resists putrefaction and is slower to chemically decay, often collected in postmortem analysis.

6
New cards

Metabolite Knowledge

Understanding drug metabolites to assist in identification using FDA & DEA libraries.

7
New cards

GC-MS

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, a method for confirming drug presence by separating and analyzing compounds.

8
New cards

ICP-OES

Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy, a technique that screens for metals.

9
New cards

Back-Extrapolation

A method to estimate a person's Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) at the time of an incident based on later measurements.

10
New cards

Field Sobriety Testing

Assessment procedures used to evaluate a person's impairment due to alcohol or drugs before a chemical BAC test.

11
New cards

Legal BAC Limit in the U.S.

0.08% is the legal blood alcohol concentration limit for driving in the United States.

12
New cards

Oxidation in Liver

The process of breaking down alcohol into acetaldehyde and acetic acid during metabolism.

13
New cards

Absorption Rate of Alcohol

Approximate absorption is 20% in the stomach and 80% in the small intestine.

14
New cards

Dose Estimation

Calculation of the minimal administered dose based on concentration in organs and their masses.

15
New cards

Implied-Consent Laws

Laws that penalize refusal of alcohol testing with license suspension.

16
New cards

Toxic Metabolite Formation

The process by which substances like methanol or ethylene glycol produce toxic by-products.

17
New cards

Intoxilizer

A breath-testing device that uses infrared spectroscopy to measure blood alcohol concentration.

18
New cards

Alco-Sensor

A type of breath analyzer using a fuel cell technology to measure the amount of oxidized alcohol.

19
New cards

Specimen Labeling

Important procedure to label and date samples, including case number and pathologist's signature.

20
New cards

Blood Analysis

The gold standard for measuring BAC, requiring medical conditions for collection.

21
New cards

Deceased's Medical History

A key factor in case history gathering, aiding in toxicological investigations.

22
New cards

Chronic Intake Effects on Liver

Long-term alcohol consumption increases liver enzymes that may affect testosterone levels.

23
New cards

Oral Intake Pathway

Route by which poisons or medications enter through the gastrointestinal system.

24
New cards

Postmortem Redistribution

A process where drug levels in the heart blood may increase postmortem, affecting analysis.

25
New cards

Gastric Emptying Rate

A factor that influences the rate of alcohol absorption into the bloodstream.

26
New cards

Alcohol Pharmacokinetics

Study of how alcohol is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated in the body.

27
New cards

Legal Evolution of BAC Laws

Progression of laws regulating blood alcohol concentration levels and DUI enforcement in the U.S.

28
New cards

Colorimetric Measurement at 420 nm

The measurement used in breathalyzers to indicate alcohol concentration based on color change.

29
New cards

Electron Flow Measurement in Alco-Sensor

An output mechanism in the Alco-Sensor that correlates with the amount of oxidized alcohol.

30
New cards

Presumptive Tests

Initial screening assays for drugs such as opiates and barbiturates before confirmation.

31
New cards

Dose-Response Relationship

The correlation between the dose of a substance and the severity of its effects.

32
New cards

Breath Testing Technologies

Various methods to assess alcohol concentration in breath samples, such as Breathalyzer and Intoxilizer.