BIS 2C Animal Phylogeny

Key characters of: porferia

monoblastic

irregular cleavage

assymetrical

no gut

filter feeder

choanocytes & spicules

sponges!!

Key characters of: cnidaria

diploblastic

irregular cleavage

radial symmetry

incomplete gut

suspension & predator

Key characters of: echinodermata

triploblastic

radial regulative

mosaic cleavage

pentaradial

complete, one-way gut

predator, scavenger, grazer

suspension, deposit

no head/brain

water vascular system!

tube feet & spines

Key characters of: annelida

Annalids = segmented, looks like a worm

Annalids = worm with a tunic outside, segmented

triploblastic

spiral mosaic

bilateral

complete, 1 way gut

deposit

spaghetti worm, rag worm, feather duster

segemented body!!, paired setea, filter feeding

Key characters of: mollusca

triploblastic

spiral mosaic

bilateral

complete, 1 way gut

suspension feeder, grazer, predator

specialized muscular foot for locomotion radula w/ shell

sea hair

Key characters of: chordata

triploblastic

radial regulative

bilateral

complete, 1 way gut

suspension feeder

notochord(rod that runs along embryo, adds support)

Key characters of: anthropoda

ECHDYSIS

barnacles

triploblastic

spiral mosaic

complete, 1 way gut

scavenger, grazer

suspension predator

segmented body!!

jointed appendages!!

exoskeleton made of chitin

fluorescence under uv light

Developmental sequence of metazoan

zygote

2c

4c

radial

spiral cleavage--> blastula

Diversity within mollusca

Gastropoda: snails, slugs

Chitons: marine grazers

Bivalves: clames and muscles

Cephalopods: squid shells for protection

All molluscs have some sort of shell & muscle!

Porifera: Sponge

Feeding: filter feeder

Gut: no gut, intracellular digestion

Symmetry: asymmetrical

Key Features: body with pores, canals, chambers lines w/ choanocytes

Cnidaria: Gorgonian

(Looks like strawberry/orange coral)

Feeding:

Gut: incomplete (2-way)

Symmetry: radial

Key Features: two basic types: polyps & medusae, special stinging cells (nematocysts)

Cnidaria: Giant Green Sea Anemone

(Looks like a giant green sticky sea anemone (you touched it and freaked out))

Feeding: predator

Gut: incomplete (2-way)

Symmetry: radial

Key Features: two basic types: polyps & medusae, special stinging cells (nematocysts)

Molluscs: Chitons

(Looks like lots of connected shells/cells)

Feeding: grazer

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: specialized muscular foot, used primarily for locomotion, radula present, shell modified into 7-8 plates!!

Molluscs: Aeolid Nudibranchs

(Looks like neon snails/ flowers with anemone/flowery wavy backs)

Feeding: grazer

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: specialized muscular foot, used primarily for locomotion, radula present, shell!

Molluscs: Giant Keyhole Limpet

(Looks like large grey oval, inner pink oval, inner grey oval with hole)

Feeding: grazer

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: foot for moving, radula lost, shell!

Annelids: Feather-duster Worm

(Looks like brown/grey worm body with red/orange huge feather duster head!)

Feeding: filter

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: paired setae, feathery feeding appendages, segmented bodies)

Annelids: Rag Worm

(Looks like brown, pink slimy worms)

Feeding: predator

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: eversible jaws, paired setae, segmented bodies

Annelids: Spaghetti Worms

(Looks like worm/shrimp/scaly worm body, pink with pink and red spaghetti coming out of its head)

Feeding: filter

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: paired setae, tentacle, segmented bodies

Anthropods: Acorn Barnacle

(Looks like a lot of small white barnacle shells slightly opened with little acorns inside)

Feeding: suspension feeder

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: segmented body, jointed appendages, cuticular exoskeleton

Anthropods: Crab

(Looks like all types of crabs)

Feeding: scavenger, predator

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: segmented body, jointed appendages, cuticular exoskeleton

Anthropods: Desert Millipede

(Looks like a large, fat brown and yellow, brown and red, centipede)

Feeding: scavenger, grazer

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: segmented body, jointed appendages, cuticular exoskeleton

Echinoderms: Sea Cucumber

(Looks like brown sea slug with a spiky back)

Feeding: deposit feeder

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: pentaradial

Key Features: no head/brain, water-vascular system, tube feet, spines to move

Echinoderms: Sand Dollar

(Looks like purple sand dollar with a little 5-points flower)

Feeding: suspension, deposit feeder

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: pentaradial

Key Features: no head/brain, water-vascular system, tube feet, spines to move

Chordata: Solitary Tunicate

(Looks like a white/yellow tubey barnacle that might be squishy)

Feeding: suspension feeder

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: two siphons, larvae retain chordate synamorphies, most lost in adult

Chordata: Compound Tunicate

(Looks like compounded white/yellow/orange/red barnacles all squished up flat)

Feeding: suspension feeder

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: bilateral

Key Features: two siphons, larvae retain chordate synamorphies, most lost in adult

Key characteristics of: ctenophora

Gut: complete (1-way)

Symmetry: radial

Key Features: move thru water by beating cilia, named for “ctenes" aka stacks of cilia, also known as comb jelly

Key characteristics of: placozoa

Gut: None

Symmetry: asymmetrical

Key Features: use cilia for locomotion, adheres to surfaces, only 4 described species