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International Politics Unit 3
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1
International Law
Governs war and peace negotiations and establishes principles for conduct among states.
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2
Institutions vs. Organizations
Institutions are norms and practices that are intangible, whereas organizations are physical entities.
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3
Hugo Grotius
Known as the 'father of international law,' he founded the principle that all law derives from principles of justice.
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4
Sources of International Law
Outlined in Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice (ICJ).
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5
Treaties
Binding agreements between states that become part of international law.
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6
Customs
Actions taken by states to facilitate trade and travel, which can establish norms in international law.
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7
General Principles of International Law
Include sovereign equality, peaceful dispute resolution, human rights, and self-determination.
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8
Judicial Decisions in International Law
Legal precedents that apply international law and can influence future actions.
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9
ICJ vs. ICC
The International Court of Justice prosecutes states, while the International Criminal Court prosecutes individuals.
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10
History of International Organizations
Includes the Congress of Vienna and the establishment of the United Nations (UN).
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11
Purpose of International Organizations
Established to address issues that cannot be solved individually and to create interdependence among states.
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12
United Nations Charter
The foundational treaty of the UN that establishes the principles of sovereignty and peaceful dispute resolution.
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13
UN General Assembly
Comprises all member states and serves as the main policy-making body of the UN.
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14
ECOSOC
The Economic and Social Council, responsible for coordinating economic and social issues.
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15
UN Security Council (UNSC)
Composed of 15 members responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
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16
Veto Members (P5)
The permanent members of the UNSC with veto power: USA, China, France, Russia, UK.
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17
Chapter VII of the UN Charter
Allows the UN to act with aggression when necessary to maintain peace.
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18
Chapter VI and a half
Suggests that peacemaking is an integral part of international relations law.
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19
Peacekeeping vs. Peacebuilding vs. Peace Enforcement
Peacekeeping involves monitoring, peacebuilding focuses on reconciliation, and peace enforcement involves using force.
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20
Black Hawk Down Incident
Signified the end of US-led military intervention in Somalia.
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21
Human Security
Focuses on protecting individuals' safety, dignity, and human rights.
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22
Responsibility to Protect (R2P)
A global UN commitment to prevent war crimes and genocides.
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