Brain Anatomy Flashcards

Flashcards for Brain Anatomy and Function Review

Sleep

Natural, periodic unconscious state regulated by the brainstem and circadian rhythm.

Thalamus

Relays all sensory information (except smell) to the cortex.

Subdural space

Lies between the dura and arachnoid mater.

Subarachnoid space

Lies between the arachnoid and pia mater; contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

White Matter Structures

Corpus callosum, internal capsule, arbor vitae, cerebral peduncles.

Function of CSF

Buoyancy, protection, and chemical stability.

Functions of the Hypothalamus

Controls the autonomic nervous system (ANS), temperature, endocrine system, hunger, thirst, and emotions.

Cranial Dural Septa

Falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli.

Function of Frontal Lobe

Motor control.

Function of Parietal Lobe

Touch.

Function of Occipital Lobe

Vision.

Function of Temporal Lobe

Hearing/smell.

Function of Insula

Taste/viscera.

Blood-Brain Barrier

Blocks toxins, pathogens, and many drugs; allows oxygen, CO2, and glucose.

Olfactory Nerve Function

Smell

Optic Nerve Function

Vision

Oculomotor Nerve Function

Eye movement, pupil constriction

Trochlear Nerve Function

Eye movement (superior oblique)

Trigeminal Nerve Function

Facial sensation, chewing

Abducens Nerve Function

Eye movement (lateral rectus)

Facial Nerve Function

Facial expressions, taste (front 2/3), salivation, tears

Vestibulocochlear Nerve Function

Hearing, balance

Glossopharyngeal Nerve Function

Taste (back 1/3), swallowing, salivation

Vagus Nerve Function

Parasympathetic control, speech

Accessory Nerve Function

Moves head and shoulders

Hypoglossal Nerve Function

Tongue movement