participants

Levine

1198 participants across 23 cities

individual participants selected as the second person to pass a certain line on the pavement

children elderly people and physically disabled people were excluded from selection

Pilliavin

aproximatly 4450 men and women using the subway train 11am-3pm between 15th April and 26th June 1968

45%black 55% white

moray

undergraduate and research workers

both male and female

experiment 1 - unknown

experiment 2 - 12 participants

experiment 3 - two groups of 14 participants

Simons and Chabris

192 participants

volunteer sample

mainly undergraduates from Iowa state university

Kohlberg

75 yound american males (aged 10-16 at start 22-28 at end)

also studied children in great Britain, Canada, Taiwan, Mexico and Turkey

Lee

chineese - 7 year olds (20M, 20F), 9 year olds (20M, 20F) 11 year olds (20M,20F)

Canadian - 7 year olds (20M,16F), 9 year olds (24M,16F) 11 year olds (14M, 18F)

Gould (Yerkes)

1.75 million army recruites, varied ages backgronds and regions of the USA, all male

Hancock

14 psychopathic and 38 non-psychopathic murderers imprisoned in Canadian correctional facilities

all participants were volunteers and had admitted to their crimes

mean age at time of crime was 28.9 years

mean amount of time since crime was 11.87 years

Maguire

16 righthanded male taxi- drivers

50 non-taxi driving controlls (people on MRI scan data base)

mean age 44 years

mean experience as taxi-driver 14.3 years

avarage time of training is 2 years

all mediaclly and mentally healthy

Blakemore and Cooper

2 lab raised kittens, raised in darkness until 2 weeks old

Sperry

opportunity sample

11 participants with epilepsy that resulted in seizures for at least 10 years

all had commissurotomy to reduce seizures

they were evaluated up to 5.5 years post-operatively

Casey

drawn from 562 pupils at stamfords bing nurcery school aged 4

155(from original group) completed self control scale in their 20s

135 (of the 155) took same measure again in their 30s

117 were contacted because they were either above avarage or bellow avarage in terms of delay of gratification

59 (23male,14 female) - experiment 1

27 (14 male, 13 females) - experiment 2 (had poor performance in experiment 2)

milgram

40 men aged 20-50 years old from the new haven district of north america

voulenteer sample (recruited from a newspaper advert)

range of backgrounds (37.5% manual laborers, 40% white coller workers, 22.5% professionals)

Bochiaro

149 undergraduates from VU university of Amsterdam (96 women, 53 men)

mean age 20.8 years old

volunteer sample, recruited by a flyer posted in the university cafeteria

138 participants for part 2 (different people)

Grant

8 students acted as experimenters - each recruited 5 acqentences to act as participants

Loftus and Palmer

45 students (American college)

divided into 5 groups of 9

Bandura

72 participants from nursery school at Stamford university

36 male, 36 female

mean age 4 years 4 months

Chaney

32 children

22 male 10 female

mean age 3.2 years

mean duration of asthma 2.2 years

recruited from clinics across a large geographical area in Australia

Freud

Jewish boy from Vienna Austria

5 years old when study started (ealrier events recorded from 2 years old)

real name Herbert Graf

Baron Cohen et al

autism group - 13 men 3 women, average intelligence, diagnosis of high functioning autism (4) or asperges syndrome (12) - volunteer sample (recruited through national autistic society magazine)

control group - 25 men, 25 women - random sampling

tourette’s group - 8 men and 2 women - snowball sampling