Chapter 3 part 1

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axon

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Description and Tags

Psychobiology

32 Terms

1

axon

transmits information

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2

dendrites

gather info from other neurons

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3

cell body

integrates incoming info, could result in action potential

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4

axon collaterals

branches of axons, contacts other neuron, lateral

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5

telodendria

terminal branches of an axon leading to end points of axonal communication; increases surface area

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6

dendritic spines

protrusions from dendrites that increase dendrite surface area

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7

axon hillock

space in between cell body and axon; where action potential begins

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8

terminal button

knob on tip of axon, releases neurotransmitters

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9

synpase

gap between terminal buttons and dendrite of other neuron

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10

dendrite branches

increase surface area of dendrites to receive more info more efficiently

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11

nucleus

governs activity of cell including protein production

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12

endoplasmic reticulum

protein synthesis

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13

mitochondrion

powerhouse of the cell

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14

golgi apparatus

packs and preps to move things (proteins) around the cell

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15

sensory neuron

collect afferent info and connects with interneurons

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16

sensory neuron types

bipolar and somatosensory

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17

bipolar neuron

1 axon, 1 dendrite

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18

somatosensory neuron

brings sensory info to CNS ex: feeling warmth

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19

interneurons (association cells)

gets info from sensory neuron and sends to motor neurons

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20

interneuron types

stellate, pyramidal, purkinje

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21

stellate

star shaped, small, has many dendrites and connections; important for larger brained animals and behavior complexity

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22

pyramidial cells

pyramid cell body; very long axon, 2 sets of dendrites (apical and basal); transmits info from cortex to CNS

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23

purkinje cells

highly branched dendrites; transmit info from cerebellum to CNS

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24

motor neurons

sole conveyor of efferent neural info to muscles, in lower brainstem and spinal cord, has a lot of dendrites, long axon

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25

neuronal dynamics

recieve thousands of signals to increase or decrease likelihood of activity

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26

summation

decision to excite or inhibit

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27

types of summation

temporal or spatial

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28

temporal summation

repeated signals form a single source over short period of time

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29

spatial summation

signals from multiple sources recieved at same time

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30

ependymal cells

small, ovoid cells on walls of ventricles; for CSF production and secretion

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31

hydrocephalus

buildup of CSF cauing a blockage; leads to swelling of brain and damage

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32

consequences of hydrocephalus

impaired intellect

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