Enzymes: Catalyzing the Chemical Reactions of Life

The chemical reactions of life cannot proceed without a special class of macromolecules called ______

enymes

Enzymes are catalysts, chemicals that ______ the rate of chemical reactions

Increase

Enzymes don’t become part of the products or are consumed in the reaction. (T/F)

True

Enzymes create the reaction (T/F)

False

Enzymes are make of _____ or _____

Protein

RNA

Enzymes may require ______ to function

cofacters

Enzymes are much _____ than their substrates

larger

Are not used up or permanently changed by the reaction (T/F)

True

Can enzymes function in low concentrations?

YES (can be recycles so they can function in extremely low concentrations)

What two environmental factors greatly affect enzymes

Temperature

pH

Can be regulated by ________ loops and _______ mechanisms

Feedback

Genetic

The molecules that are acted upon by enzymes are called ______

substrates

The substrate binds to the enzyme’s ______ ______

active site

Simple enzymes are made of ______ alone

Protein alone

_______ enzymes also contain nonprotein molecules

conjugated/holoenzyme

A conjugated enzyme, sometimes referred to as a holoenzyme is a combination of a protein and one or more _______

cofactors

The protein portion of a enzyme is called the ________

Apoenzyme

The non protein portion of an enzyme is called ______

cofactor

An organic molecule cofactor

coenzyme

An inorganic cofactor

Metallic ion

A complex organic molecule, several of which are derived from vitamins. Operaties in conjection with an enzyme conjunction

Coenzyme

Serve as transient carriers of specific atoms or functional groups during metabolic reactions

Coenzyme

Conjugated Enzymes/Holoenzyme = ______ + cofactor

protein

NAD+, NADP+, FAD, and CoA are all involved in metabolic pathways and are important _______

coenzymes

Why do you think it is important to have vitamins for good growth?

Need them to be formed into coenzymes in order to aid in metabolic reactions