Introduction to Psychology: History, Theories, and Careers (Exam 1, Lecture 2)

What is the definition of psychology?

The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context.

What philosophical roots does psychology have?

Psychology has roots in philosophy and biology.

What is the mind/body/brain problem in psychology?

It questions whether the mind, brain, and body are independent of each other.

What is the debate between free will and determinism in psychology?

It explores whether we have conscious control over our actions or if we are controlled by our brain and its responses to stimuli.

What is the nature versus nurture debate?

It questions whether our development is influenced more by genetics or by our experiences.

Who established the first psychological laboratory and when?

Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879.

What was Wundt's approach to studying psychology?

He attempted to scientifically study the components of experience and the mind through measuring sensory and physiological responses to stimuli.

What is structuralism in psychology?

An area of research started by Edward Titchener, focusing on the study of the basic elements and structures of the mind.

What research method did Titchener extensively use?

Introspection, which involves examining one's own conscious thoughts and feelings.

What is functionalism in psychology?

A concept introduced by William James that emphasizes understanding the purpose behind our mind's actions rather than just its structures.

What significant work did William James publish in 1890?

The Principles of Psychology.

What key ideas did Sigmund Freud introduce to psychology?

Freud introduced concepts such as the subconscious, repression, and psychoanalysis in his book 'The Interpretation of Dreams' (1900).

What was the psychological community's reaction to Freud's popularity?

The community shifted its focus towards behaviorism, believing the mind was too vast and measurements too limited to understand its functions.

What are some limitations of behaviorism?

Behaviorism could not adequately address areas such as motivation, memory distortions, and clinical psychology.

What technological advancements contributed to the cognitive revolution in psychology?

New ways to measure brain activity, such as EEG and fMRI.

What are the different levels of examining the mind in psychology?

Levels include parts (cells, structures), individual (thoughts, emotions, motivations), and group (environments, events, society).

What are potential career paths for psychology majors?

Careers can include counseling, research, therapy, and college-level education.

What are the educational routes available for studying psychology?

Options include a Bachelor's degree, a Master's degree, and a PhD (PsyD) route.

Why might someone take an introductory psychology class?

To decide if psychology is a suitable major, prepare for upper division courses, learn useful life information, or enjoy the subject.

What topics will the psychology class cover?

The class will discuss historical summaries of past theorists, current areas of psychology, and general lectures applicable to students' lives.

What is the goal of the course moving forward?

To start a dialogue on how the mind works, delving deeper into psychological concepts.