PN 130 A1 & AG Midterm Study Guide Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards generated from PN 130 study notes covering mental health concepts, infection control precautions, patient care principles, assessment priorities, communication techniques, body mechanics, and asepsis.

Diathesis-Stress Model

A mental health framework explaining that disorders develop from a combination of diathesis (vulnerability or predisposition) and stress (environmental or life stressors).

Diathesis

A vulnerability or predisposition to mental illness, such as genetics or family history.

Stress (Diathesis-Stress Model)

Environmental or life stressors such as trauma, illness, school pressure, relationship problems, or lack of sleep that can trigger mental health symptoms.

MTV Memory Trick

A mnemonic representing Measles, TB (Tuberculosis), and Varicella (Chickenpox), which all require Airborne Isolation and a fit-tested N95 respirator.

Airborne Isolation PPE

Personal protective equipment requiring a fit-tested N95 respirator or higher-level respirator used in an airborne infection isolation room (negative-pressure room).

Droplet Precautions

Infection control measures for pathogens spread through large respiratory droplets, requiring a surgical/procedure mask along with eye protection, gown, or gloves based on exposure.

Contact Precautions

Infection control measures used for direct or indirect contact pathogens (e.g., C. difficile, MRSA, VRE, scabies), requiring a gown and gloves.

C. difficile Hand Hygiene

Washing hands with soap and water, which is required because alcohol-based hand sanitizer alone is not effective against C. difficile spores.

Therapeutic Relationship

A professional, goal-directed relationship focused on the patient's needs that builds trust, maintains confidentiality, shows empathy, maintains boundaries, and is not a friendship.

Cultural Competence

Providing care that respects and responds to a patient's cultural beliefs, values, practices, and preferences by using an 'ask, don't assume' approach.

Holistic Patient-Centered Care

An approach to healthcare that treats the whole person across physical, emotional, mental, social, cultural, and spiritual dimensions, rather than treating just the disease.

Community Assessment

A collection of information used to identify health needs, risks, strengths, and available resources within a specific community.

General Client Survey

An initial overall impression of a patient observing appearance, hygiene, level of consciousness (LOC), behavior/mood, speech, mobility/posture, signs of pain, and physical condition.

Skin Turgor

An assessment performed by gently pinching and lifting skin to measure hydration, where skin returning slowly indicates poor turgor and potential dehydration.

ABC Priority Framework

The clinical assessment priority sequence: $\text{Airway} \rightarrow \text{Breathing} \rightarrow \text{Circulation}$.

Hypertensive Emergency

A condition indicated by severely elevated blood pressure accompanied by signs of organ damage, such as headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, neuro changes, or vision changes.

Infection Culture Timing

The clinical rule to obtain ordered cultures or specimens BEFORE administering the first antibiotic dose.

Normal Oxygen Saturation Range

An SpO2 level generally expected between $95-100\text{\%}$.

Therapeutic Communication Techniques

Interaction strategies that encourage client communication, including active listening, silence, reflection, clarification, offering self, restating, open-ended questions, and acknowledging feelings.

Non-Therapeutic Communication

Communication behaviors to avoid, including asking 'Why' questions, giving false reassurance, offering personal advice, changing the subject, arguing, and judging.

Proper Body Mechanics

Lifting and transfer techniques using a wide base of support, bending at the knees and hips (not the waist), keeping the load close to the body, tightening core muscles, and pivoting with feet without twisting.

Atelectasis

Alveolar collapse resulting from immobility and decreased lung expansion.

Mobility Assessment

An evaluation of how safely and independently a patient can move, examining gait, balance, range of motion, strength, transfers, assistive devices, fall risk, and activity tolerance.

Medical Asepsis

Clean technique aimed at reducing the number and spread of microorganisms during routine patient care through hand hygiene and clean gloves.

Surgical Asepsis

Sterile technique aimed at eliminating and preventing contamination by microorganisms in a sterile field during invasive procedures.