Microbiology Midterm Questions - Jersey College Revised

(ch.1) One type of microscope that provides a three-dimensional image of a specimen is a

Scanning Electron Microscope

(ch.1) One type of microscope capable of observing living microorganisms is the:

Phase-Contrast Microscope

(ch.1) Which scientist is most responsible for ending the controversy about spontaneous generation?

Louis Pasteur

(ch.1) Fossils of prokaryotes go back:

3.5 to 4.0 Billion years

(ch.1) A(n) ____________ is not a microorganism.

Insect

(ch.1) The order of the taxonomic category is:

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

(ch.1) Complex communities of microorganisms on surfaces are called:

Biofilms

(ch.1) A relationship between organisms in which the waste product of one provides nutrients for another is called:

Mutualism

(ch.1) Which of the following site of the human body does NOT have a normal flora?Intestine, skin, vagina or blood

Blood

(ch.1) The following industries uses microorganisms:

Chemical, Wine, Cheese and other food productions, Alcohol, Pharmaceutical Agents, Agriculture, Water Supply Treatment

(ch.1) All bacteria are:

Prokaryotic cells

(ch.1) Cells that contain a nucleus are:

Eukaryotic Cells

(ch.1) The taxonomic resource for bacteria is the:

Bergen's Manual

(ch.1) The proteins implicated in spongiform encephalopathy are:

Prions

(ch.1) The cleanup of different industrial waste is referred to as:

Bioremediation

(ch.2) The atomic number equals the number of:

Protons

(ch.2) A chemical bond in which electrons are equally shared is a:

Non polar Covalent Bond

(ch.2) The bond between water molecules is a:

Hydrogen Bond

(ch.2) The outermost shell of an atom can hold up to ___ electrons.

8

(ch.2) The bond between sodium and chlorine atoms in sodium chloride is a:

Ionic Bond

(ch.2) Sucrose is composed of:

Glucose and fructose

(ch.2) The unit molecules (monomers) of carbohydrates and glucose and fructose are examples of:

Monosaccharides

(ch.2) The bond between amino acids is a:

Peptide Bond

(ch.2) The RNA nucleotide bade that pairs with adenine of DNA is:

Uracil

(ch.2) Glucose and fructose are examples of:

Monosaccharides

(ch.2) Neutrons are particles with

No charge

(ch.2) An atom with same number of protons but a different number of neutrons is called a:

Isotope

(ch.2) A positively charged ion is a:

Cation

(ch.2) The breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones in the presence of water is called:

Hydrolysis

(ch.2) Molecules that can absorb hydrogen ions are:

Buffers

(ch.3) Which of the following is NOT found in all bacterial cells: ribosomes, capsule, plasma membrane, or DNA

Capsule

(ch.3) Bacterial capsules are important in:

Survival

(ch.3) The cell organelles responsible for the packaging of proteins are the:

Golgi Complexes

(ch.3) The cell organelle found only in algae and plant cells and is necessary for photosynthesis is the:

Chloroplasts

(ch.3) The intracellular fluid has a high concentration of:

Potassium

(ch.3) ________________________ is an active transport mechanism.

Pinocytosis

(ch.3) _____________________ is an enzyme.

Ligase

(ch.3) The compound that enters the Krebs cycle and combines with oxaloacetic acid is:

Acetyl-CoA

(ch.3) The anticodons are located in:

tRNA

(ch.3) In which phase of mitosis do the chromatids separate?

Anaphase

(ch.3) Cells without a nucleus are:

Prokaryotic

(ch.3) The sterol-like molecules in bacterial plasma membranes are:

Hopanoids

(ch.3) A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes is a

Lysosome

(ch.3) The allosteric site is present in:

Enzymes

(ch.3) The organelle necessary for photosynthesis

Chloroplasts

(ch.21) The branch of pharmacology that addresses drug amounts of various sites in the body after drug administration is called:

Pharmacokinetics

(ch.21) The generic name of a drug refers to its:

Nonproprietary Name

(ch.21) For a drug to have an almost immediate systemic effect it is usually applied:

By inhalation or rectally

(ch.21) The decrease in blood clotting by heparin occurs at what general site of action?

Extracellular

(ch.21) Which of the following is a phase I reaction in biotransformation?

Oxidation

(ch.21) All of the following are ways the kidney can use to achieve urine formation and drug clearance except; glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, tubular filtration and tubular reabsorption

Tubular Filtration

(ch.21) Which of the following is used in the determination of a drug dose response; time of administration, onset of drug effect, normal frequency distribution, or peak effect time.

Normal Frequency Distribution

(ch.21) When the drug receptors are maximally activated, this is referred to as the:

Peak Effect

(ch.21) A subacute toxic effect occurs when the adverse drug effect occurs:

After Repeat Exposure for days

(ch.21) The specific antidote to botulinum toxin is:

Antitoxin

(ch.21) The body's metabolism of drugs is called:

Biotransformation

(ch.21) The study of the body's response to poisons and their harmful effect is referred to as:

Toxicology

(ch.21) Drug administration, absorption, distribution, and clearance are collectively called:

Pharmacokinetics

(ch.21) The ED 50 is a measure of the:

Dose response

(ch.21) The federal agency that approves the use of a specific drug is the:

FDA

(ch.6) Straight, rod-shaped bacteria, some of which are endospore forming, are referred to as:

Bacili

(ch.6) Beadlike chain of cocci formed after cell division along single axis are called:

Streptococci

(ch.6) Bacteria that use oxygen, but only a t low concentration, are classified as:

Microarophiles

(ch.6) Bacteria that use organic compounds for both the source of carbon and energy are referred to as

Chemoheterotrophs

(ch.6) Microorganisms that show optimal growth at moderate temperatures (25 - 40 degrees C) are called

Mesophiles

(ch.6) A mutation that involves the deletion or insertion of one or more basis is a:

Frameshift mutation

(ch.6) Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi belong to the group of:

Spirochetes

(ch.6) Legionella and Neisseria are examples of:

Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci

(ch.6) Staphylococci and streptococci are best classified in the group of:

Gram-positive cocci

Which of the following is a host-dependent bacterium: mycoplasma, ureaplasma, rickettsia or micrococcus?

Rickettsia

(ch.6) Bacteria whose overall shape is spherical or nearly spherical are referred to as

Cocci

(ch.6) Microorganisms that acquire energy from light are called

Phototrophs

(ch.6) Microorganisms that grow only in the presence of oxygen are called

aerobes or obligate aerobes

(ch.7) Viruses can infect:

All organisms Plants, animals and bacteria

(ch.7) The correct hierarchical order for virus classification is:

Order, family, subfamily, genus, species

(ch.7) Viral capsomeres are composed of sub-units called:

Protomeres

(ch.7) According to the Balitmore classification system, RNA viruses belong to:

Groups II, IV, V

(ch.7) A phage in a repressed stage is referred to as a(n):

Prophage

(ch.7) The sequence of stages in the multiplication of animal viruses is:

Adsorption, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, release.

(ch.7) A persistent infection that is not lytic but productive is called a:

Chronic infection

(ch.7) All of the following are cytopathic effects as a result of a viral infection except: altered shape, lysis, change in antigens, or membrane fusion?

Change in antigen

(ch.7) Which of the following viruses belong to the family Herpesviridae: Epstein-Barr virus, SARS-CoV, Poxvirus, HIV

Epstein-Barr virus

(ch.7) Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are caused by:

Prions

(ch.7) A virus that infects bacteria is referred to as a (an)

bacteriophage/ simply phage

(ch.7) Kaposi's sarcoma is caused by human herpesvirus number

8

(ch.7) Members of Picornaviridae are _______ viruses

RNA

(ch.7) A fully assembled virus is called a (an)

Virion

(ch.7) Group VI viruses according to the Baltimore classification system include the families Metaviridae, Pseudoviridae, and ____

Retroviridae

(ch.9) _________________ symbiosis benefits both members.

Mutualism

(ch.9) The mold that produces penicillin is an example of :

Amenalism

(ch.9) The presence of microbes in or on the body is a:

Contamination

(ch.9) All of the following areas of the human body contain normal flora except the: peritoneum, urethra, vagina or mouth

Peritoneum

(ch.9) Bacterial endotoxins are:

Components of the gram-negative cell

(ch.9) When a pathogen spreads from the original sire to other tissues or organs it is called a:

Focal infection

(ch.9) A disease that is generally present in a given population is:

Endemic

(ch.9) Which of the following is not considered to be a vehicle transmission: Airborne, droplet, foodborne, or bodily fluid?

Droplet

(ch.9) Which of the following is likely to be the most frequently used portal of entry: skin, resp tract, gi tract or conjunctiva

Respiratory Tract

(ch.9) Infections that may result from the use of catheters are classified as:

Iatrogenic infections

(ch.9) The symbiotic relationship in which one of the organism benefits and the other is not harmed or helped is referred to as

Commensalism

(ch.9) A flora found in the same location as the resident flora, but which remains only for a given amount of time, is called a ____ flora

Transient