First Aid and Emergency Response - EGGERS

Vocabulary flashcards covering emergency medical terminology, types of wounds, musculoskeletal injuries, burn classifications, and acute conditions based on the lecture notes.

Abrasion

A superficial scrape or rub.

Laceration

A jagged, torn wound caused by rough or sharp objects.

Incision

An open, straight-cut wound caused by a sharp object, often resulting in profuse bleeding.

Puncture

A small, deep penetration wound from a sharp instrument (i.e. nail).

Contusion

Closed injury or bruise resulting from blunt-force trauma.

Sprain

Ligament tear (bone to bone).

Strain

Muscle or tendon tear (muscle to bone).

R.I.C.E.

Treatment protocol for sprains and strains consisting of rest, ice, compression, and elevation.

Closed Fracture

Break in the bone that does not break the skin.

Compound, Open Fracture

Bone breaks through skin, exposing the underlying fracture site (high risk of infection).

Dislocation

Displacement of bone from its normal position at a joint.

Shock

Inadequate blood flow to the heart and tissues.

Chest Recoil

The complete release of weight from the chest in between each compression to allow the heart to refill with blood.

Urticaria

Hives (itchy, pinkish, raised lesions), signaling the presence of an allergic reaction.

Anaphylaxis

Severe, life-threatening systemic allergic reaction.

First-Degree Burn

Superficial burn affecting the epidermis, characterized by redness and pain.

Second-Degree Burn

Partial thickness burn affecting both the epidermis and dermis, characterized by blistering and pain.

Third-Degree Burn

Full-thickness burn affecting all skin layers and underlying structures, where nerve damage may result in a lack of localized pain.

Chemical Burn

Burn occurring when a patient contacts or ingests acidic or alkaline chemicals.

Hemorrhage

Profuse bleeding where controlling blood loss is a priority to maintain circulatory stability.

Heat Exhaustion

A serious warning sign characterized by moist, clammy skin, heavy sweating, normal or elevated body temperature, dizziness, feeling faint, rapid pulse, shallow breathing, muscle cramps, nausea, and headache.

Heat Stroke

A life-threatening medical emergency characterized by a core body temperature of $104$ or higher, hot, dry skin (no longer sweating), altered mental status, rapid pulse and breathing, and seizures.

Hypoglycemia

Low blood sugar resulting from blood glucose levels less than $70\,mg/dL$.

Seizures

Sudden, uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain.

Postictal Stage

The stage in which a patient regains consciousness after a seizure and may be confused or embarrassed.