Lecture 2: ATP/NADH/Red-Ox

ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are all ______ rich molecules

energy

ATP is energy rich because of what characteristic within it’s structure?

High energy phosphate-phosphate bonds

ATP is used for what two primary reasons in metabolism?

Coupled with unfavorable reactions
Phosphate donor

The glutamine synthetase reaction (glutamate + ammonia —> glutamine) is only a favorable reaction (-deltaG) when it is paired with _____ ______

ATP hydrolysis

An example of ATP working as a phosphate donor is production of glucose-6-P from ______; Favorable when paired with ATP hydrolysis

hexokinase (glucose)

When two reactions are coupled together, the deltaG for the total reaction is the ______ of the two individual deltaG values

sum

PEP, GTP, and UTP are molecules that may transfer phosphates to make ATP from ADP, known as ____ _____ ______

substrate level phosphorylation

NADH/NADPH and FADH2 are molecules that are used in what kinds of reactions?

Red-ox reactions

NADH is the (reduced/oxidized) form
NAD+ is the (reduced/oxidized) form

reduced
oxidized

Is the reduced or the oxidized form the high energy form of a molecule?

Reduced

The oxidized form is the ____ energy form of a molecule

low

The E value is known as the ______ _____ _____

standard reduction potential

Better electron donors have ____ _____ standard reduction potential (E) values

more negative

Redox reactions may be viewed as the sum of two _____ _____ involving electron movement

half-reactions