Genetic Basics 2

The complete content of an organism is known as its _____

Genome

The physical location of a gene on a chromosome is called its _____

Loci

Different versions of the same gene that may result in trait variations are called _____

Allele

The process of assembling amino acids into a polypeptide based on an mRNA sequence is called _____

Translation

The type of RNA that carries genetic code from DNA to the ribosome is called _____

M

The enzyeme responsible for building an RNA moleucle during transcription is called 

RNA Polymerase 

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis is called 

Crossing over/Recombination

The seperation of identical chromatids into two nuclei occurs during the process of

Anaphase

Mutations that change in a single base pair but still code for the same amino acid are called _____ mutation

Silent

The random orientation of homologous chromosomes during metaphase I of meiosis contributes tovariation through ______ ______ 

Independent variation

Errors in chromosome seperation during ____ are called _____ and can lead to gametes with abnormal chromosome numbers

Meiosis, ameuploidy

before leaving the nucleus, pre m-RNA undergoes splicing in which _____ are removed and _____ are joined together

introns, exons

The enzyme responsible for unwinding DNA and adding complementary nucleotides during replication is ____ _____

DNA polymerase

Genes that normally prevent uncontrolled cell growth by blocking the cell cycle are called ____ _____ genes

Tumor Suppressor

A mutation in a ____ cell can be passed on to offspring, while one in a ____ cell cannot

Germ, Somatic

The vast majority of a eukaryoitc genome is made of of ______ DNA which contributes to gene regulation and chromosome structure

Non-coding

The process of copying genetic information from DNA into an RNA molecule is called

Transcription

The random orientation of homologous pairs during metaphase I of meiosis leads to

Independent assortment

Errors in chromosome seperation during meiosis are known as _____

Non disjucntion