Networking, Addressing, and Communication Lesson 004: Types of IP Addresses

How many different types of IP addresses are there?

Six.

What are the different types of IP addresses?

Public, private, loopback, APIPA, network, and broadcast IP addresses.

What are public IP addresses?

Globally unique addresses that identify devices on the global Internet.

Can public IP addresses be routed outside the LAN?

Yes.

How are public IP addresses used?

For communication across networks around the world.

How does someone acquire an IP address?

A user must be given one by an organization responsible for managing the Internet IP address pool.

What does ICANN stand for?

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.

Private IP Addresses

Used within LANs, are not globally unique, and cannot communicate directly over the Internet.

Where are private IP addresses used?

In homes, offices, and other internal networks.

What are the three private IP address ranges?

10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16.

How is NAT utilized when connecting private IP addresses to public IP addresses?

By translating private IPs into a public IP assigned by the ISP.

How does NAT work to make sure the correct data goes to the correct device?

By mapping private IP addresses to a public IP for external communication.

What is the basic process for how NAT translation works with public and private IP addresses?

Device assignment > request initiation > NAT translation (outbound) > server response > NAT translation (inbound) > delivery.

Loopback Address

A designated IP address reserved for testing and troubleshooting network functionality on a local device.

What is the designated loopback IP address?

127.0.0.1.

What is the loopback address used for?

Diagnosing software, driver, or configuration issues.

Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing

Special range of IP addresses that spans from 169.254.0.0-169.254.255.255 (169.254.0.0/16).

What does APIPA stand for?

Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing.

What is the purpose of APIPA?

It allows devices to still obtain an IP address when an IP address cannot be obtained from a DHCP server.

When would APIPA be useful?

If a router is down or misconfigured.

What is the benefit of using APIPA addresses when routers cannot connect or aren't configured correctly?

It enables local communication but doesn't have Internet access without a default gateway.

Network Addresses

First in an IP range and identify the network itself.

Broadcast Addresses

Last in an IP range and send data to all devices on a network.

What purpose does a broadcast address serve?

For sending announcements or discovering services on a network.