Medical Terminology Chapter 4

how many bones does the skeletal system consist of?

206 bones

what are the jobs of the skeletal system?

support the body, protect organs, and the muscles point of attachment

what organs sre skeletal organs?

bones and joints

ankyl/o

stiff joint

arthr/o

joint

articul/o

joint

burs/o

sac

carp/o

carpus

cervic/o

neck

chondr/o

cartilage

clavicul/o

clavicle

coccyg/o

coccyx

cost/o

rib

crani/o

skull

femor/o

femur

fibul/o

fibula

humer/o

humerus

ili/o

ilium

ischi/o

ischium

kyph/o

hump

lamin/o

lamina, psrt of the vertebra

lord/o

bent backward

lumb/o

loin, low back

mandibul/o

mandible

maxill/o

maxilla

medull/o

inner portion

metacarp/o

metacarpus

metatars/o

metatarsus

myel/o

bone marrow/ spinal cord

orth/o

straight

oste/o

bone

patell/o

patella

pector/o

chest

ped/o

foot/ child

pelv/o

pelvis

phalang/o

phalanges

pod/o

foot

prosthet/o

addition

pub/o

pubis

radi/o

radius

sacr/o

sacrum

scapul/o

scapula

scoli/o

crooked

spin/o

spine

spondyl/o

vertebrae

stern/o

sternum

synov/o

synovial membrane

tars/o

tarsus

thorac/o

chest

tibi/o

tibia

uln/o

ulna

vertebr/o

vertebra

-blast

immature

-clasia

to surgically break

-desis

to fuse

-listhesis

slipping

-logic

pertaining to the study of

-porosis

porous

dis-

apart

non-

not

what is each bone?

a body organ with blood supply, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

what is connected to form the skeleton?

bones

what does the skeleton protect and store?

organs and minerals

what produces blood cells?

bone marrow

what gives the skeleton flexibility?

joints

what is osseous tissue?

bones

what is one of the hardest materials in the body?

bones

what process are bones formed by?

ossification

what is the fetal skeleton made of?

cartilage

what is the fetal cartilage replaced by?

replaced by osteoblasts that mature into osteocytes

what bones are longer than wide?

long bones

what are some examples of long bones?

femur and humerus

what bones are roughly as long as wide?

short bones

what are some examples of short bones?

carpals and tarsals

what bones are plate-shaped?

flat bones

what are some examples of flat bones?

sternum, scapula, pelvis

what bones are shaoed very irregular?

irregular bones

what are some examples of irregular bones?

vertebrae

what type of bones are the majority of bones?

long bones

what are the two parts of long bones?

the diaphysis and epiphysis

what does the diaphysis contain?

central shaft and the medullary cavity

where is the epiphysis?

the wide ends of the bone

what covers the epiphysis?

articular cartilage

what covers the rest of the bone?

periosteum

what is the hard exterior of the bone?

compact or cortical bone

what is the compact and cortical bone found?

in the epiphysis and diaphysis

what is the type of bone found on the inside?

cancellous or spongy bone

what allows for joint articulation?

round and smooth processes

what do rough processes provide?

muscle attachment points

what is a large smooth ball-shaped end of a long bone?

head

what is a smooth rounded portion at the end of the bone

condyle

projection above or on a condyle

epicondyle

what is a large rough process called?

trochanter

what is a small rouch process called?

tubercle

what is another name for a large rough process?

tuberosity

what is the hollow cavity within bone?

sinus

what is a smooth opening for nerves and blood vessels?

foramen

what is a shallow cavity or depression within a bone?

fossa

what is a slit like opening?

fissure

what is included in the axial skeleton?

head, neck, abdomen, chest, spine