Particle Model
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41 Terms
What is the particle model?
All matter is made of particles that are attracted to each other and are constantly moving.
What are the three main ideas of the particle model?
All matter is made of particles; particles are attracted to each other; particles are always vibrating or moving.
Are particles always moving?
Yes, particles are always vibrating or moving around.
What happens to particles as temperature increases?
They move or vibrate faster.
What happens to the kinetic energy of particles as temperature increases?
It increases.
How are particles arranged in a solid?
Very close together in a fixed, regular arrangement.
How do particles move in a solid?
They vibrate in fixed positions.
What is the typical kinetic energy of particles in a solid?
Low.
What is the typical density of a solid?
High.
Does a solid have a fixed shape?
Yes, a solid has a fixed shape.
Does a solid have a fixed volume?
Yes, a solid has a fixed volume.
Can a solid be compressed significantly?
No, because its particles have very little space between them.
How are particles arranged in a liquid?
Close together in a random arrangement.
How do particles move in a liquid?
They move or slide past each other.
What is the typical kinetic energy of particles in a liquid?
Medium.
What is the typical density of a liquid?
Medium.
Does a liquid have a fixed shape?
No, it takes the shape of its container.
Does a liquid have a fixed volume?
Yes, a liquid has a fixed volume.
Can a liquid be compressed significantly?
No, because its particles are still relatively close together.
How are particles arranged in a gas?
Far apart in a random arrangement.
How do particles move in a gas?
They move rapidly in all directions.
What is the typical kinetic energy of particles in a gas?
High.
What is the typical density of a gas?
Low.
Does a gas have a fixed shape?
No, it takes the shape of its container.
Does a gas have a fixed volume?
No, it fills its container and has a variable volume.
Can a gas be compressed?
Yes, because there are large spaces between its particles.
Which state of matter has the particles closest together?
Solid.
Which state of matter has the particles furthest apart?
Gas.
Which state of matter has particles that vibrate in fixed positions?
Solid.
Which state of matter has particles that slide past each other?
Liquid.
Which state of matter has particles moving rapidly in all directions?
Gas.
Which state of matter has the lowest typical particle kinetic energy?
Solid.
Which state of matter has the highest typical particle kinetic energy?
Gas.
Which state of matter is generally the most dense?
Solid.
Which state of matter is generally the least dense?
Gas.
Which states have a fixed volume?
Solids and liquids.
Which state has a fixed shape?
Solid.
Why can gases be compressed?
Their particles are far apart with large spaces between them.
Why can't solids and liquids be compressed significantly?
Their particles are already close together with very little empty space.
What happens to the spacing between particles when a substance is heated?
Particles generally move further apart.
What happens to particle movement when a substance is cooled?
Particles move or vibrate more slowly.