CHAPTER 28: HEXOSE MONOPHOSPHATE SHUNT

An alternate cytoplasmic pathway for the metabolism of glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) that generates NADPH for reductive biosynthesis of lipids and provides ribose residues for nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthesis.

An alternate cytoplasmic pathway for the metabolism of glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) that generates NADPH for reductive biosynthesis of lipids and provides ribose residues for nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthesis.

Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS)

A coenzyme generated by the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) that is used for reductive biosynthesis of lipids.

NADPH

A compound generated by the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) that is used for nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthesis.

Ribose 5-phosphate

The rate-limiting enzyme of the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) that converts Glc-6-P to 6-phosphogluconate and is deficient in muscle tissue.

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glc-6-PD)

The primary control factor for the activity of Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glc-6-PD) in the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS).

NADP+/NADPH concentration ratio

An enzyme that transfers a two-carbon unit from a ketose to an aldose in the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS).

Transketolase

An enzyme that transfers a three-carbon unit from an aldose to a ketose in the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS).

Transaldolase

The process in the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) where enzymes convert glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (Gl-3-P) to glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) for further oxidation.

Complete oxidation of glucose

The phase of the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) where 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7-carbon sugars are interconverted.

Reversible non-oxidative phase