CHAPTER 28: HEXOSE MONOPHOSPHATE SHUNT

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9 Terms

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An alternate cytoplasmic pathway for the metabolism of glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) that generates NADPH for reductive biosynthesis of lipids and provides ribose residues for nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthesis.
Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS)
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A coenzyme generated by the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) that is used for reductive biosynthesis of lipids.
NADPH
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A compound generated by the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) that is used for nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthesis.
Ribose 5-phosphate
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The rate-limiting enzyme of the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) that converts Glc-6-P to 6-phosphogluconate and is deficient in muscle tissue.
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glc-6-PD)
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The primary control factor for the activity of Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glc-6-PD) in the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS).
NADP+/NADPH concentration ratio
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An enzyme that transfers a two-carbon unit from a ketose to an aldose in the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS).
Transketolase
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An enzyme that transfers a three-carbon unit from an aldose to a ketose in the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS).
Transaldolase
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The process in the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) where enzymes convert glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (Gl-3-P) to glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) for further oxidation.
Complete oxidation of glucose
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The phase of the Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMS) where 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7-carbon sugars are interconverted.
Reversible non-oxidative phase