AP BIO: Practical - External Features + Vocabulary

Ventral

towards the belly

Dorsal

towards the backside

Anterior

towards the head

Posterior

towards the tail

Lateral

towards the side

Medial

towards the midline

Proximal

lying near the point of reference

Distal

lying farther from the point of reference

Transverse

perpendicular to the long axis of the body; separates anterior and posterior regions of the body, creates cross-section

Frontal

longitudinal section cut; separates the ventral and dorsal regions of the body

Sagittal

longitudinal section cut; separates the right and the left

Mammalia Papilla

nipples on mammals

Characteristics of Mammals

1) skin with hair and/or fur

2) milk producing glands to nurse the young (mammalia papilla)

Scientific Name of Cats

felis domestica

Class of Cats

mammilia

Order of Cats

carnivora

Kingdom of Cats

animalia

Cat Gestation Period

9 weeks, embryo develops in uterus

Eutherians

develop in the uterus

Vertibrates

animals with a vertebrae column and a cranium

6 Regions of a Cat

1) Cranium

2) Cervical

3) Thoracic

4) Lumber

5) Sacral

6) Caudal

Forelimb

1) Brachium

2) Antebrachium

3) Manus

4) Torri (7)

Hindlimb

1) Thigh

2) Shank

3) Pes

4) Torri (5)

5) Claw

Tori

creates friction with the ground, shock absorber

Claws

helps cat latch onto prey

Nairs

nostrils; breathing and smelling surroundings

Pinnae

ears; funnels sound into the inner ear

Nictitating Membrane

moistens the eyes, keeps eyes clean

Vibrissae

whiskers; detects what is around the cat’s face

Axilla

flap between the thorax and the arms; allows for cats to move their forelimbs

Perineum

area around the urogenital and anal openings; structural support on pelvic organs

Anus

external opening of the rectum; site of waste elimination (poop)

Scrotum

pouch which contains testicles, protects testicles (in males); anterior to the anus

Fascia

connective fibers; holds skin to muscle

Cutaneous Nerves

sensory nerves

Cutaneous Maximus Muscle

twitches skin in response to stimuli

Urogenital Aperture

contains urethra and vaginal opening; excretion of urine in females